Abstract
Clusters of identical intermediate servers are often created to improve availability and robustness in many domains. The use of proxy servers for the World Wide Web (WWW) and of rendezvous points in multicast routing are two such situations. However, this approach can be inefficient if identical requests are received and processed by multiple servers. We present an analysis of this problem, and develop a method called the highest random weight (HRW) mapping that eliminates these difficulties. Given an object name and a set of ....etc

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the brand loyalty and impact of price increase of parle G over britannia tiger ....etc

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ABSTRACT
Free space optics ( FSO ) is a line-of-sight technology that currently enables optical transmission up to 2.5 Gbps of data, voice, and video communications through the air , allowing optical connectivity without deploying fiber optic cables or securing spectrum licenses. FSO system can carry full duplex data at giga bits per second rates over Metropolitan distances of a few city blocks of few kms. FSO, also known as optical wireless, overcomes this last-mile access bottleneck by sending high “b ....etc

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Definition
Mention optical communication and most people think of fiber optics. But light travels through air for a lot less money. So it is hardly a surprise that clever entrepreneurs and technologists are borrowing many of the devices and techniques developed for fiber-optic systems and applying them to what some call fiber-free optical communication. Although it only recently, and rather suddenly, sprang into public awareness, free-space optics is not a new idea. It has roots that go back over 30 years--to the era before fiber-optic cable b ....etc

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Free Space Optics

Mention optical communication and most people think of fiber optics. But light travels through air for a lot less money. So it is hardly a surprise that clever entrepreneurs and technologists are borrowing many of the devices and techniques developed for fiber-optic systems and applying them to what some call fiber-free optical communication. Although it only recently, and rather suddenly, sprang into public awareness, free-space optics is not a new idea. It has roots that go back ....etc

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Communication, as it has always been relied and simply depended upon speed. The faster the means ! the more popular, the more effective the communication is !

Presently in the twenty-first centaury wireless networking is gaining because of speed and ease of deployment and relatively high network robustness. Modern era of optical communication originated with the invention of LASER in 1958 and fabrication of low-loss optical fiber in 1970.

http://pptpdf.net/subcategory.php?categ=unknown&categ_id=1&/Seminar%20Reports/computer_science-info ....etc

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Free Space Optics (FSO) communications, also called Optical Wireless (OW)
Bo Rong, Yi Qian, Member, IEEE, and Kejie Lu, Member, IEEE
Overview

Imagine a technology that offers unsurpassed reliability and

high-speed connectivity. A technology that can be installed globally is

easy to deploy, license-free and offers a fast, high ROI. That

technology is free-space optics (FSO).

Free Space Optics (FSO) communications, also called Optical

Wireless (OW) or Infrared Laser, refers to the transmission of

modulated visible or infrar ....etc

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i want to do project related to increase of efficiency ic engine()s..................... so i need details on this ........
how to do and how to prepare.......... ....etc

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Free Space Optics

Mention optical communication and most people think of fiber optics. But light travels through air for a lot less money. So it is hardly a surprise that clever entrepreneurs and technologists are borrowing many of the devices and techniques developed for fiber-optic systems and applying them to what some call fiber-free optical communication. Although it only recently, and rather suddenly, sprang into public awareness, free-space optics is not a new idea. It has roots that go back ....etc

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ABSTRACT
Free Space Optics (FSO) or Optical Wireless, refers to the transmission of modulated visible or infrared (IR) beams through the air to obtain optical communications. Like fiber, Free Space Optics (FSO) uses lasers to transmit data, but instead of enclosing the data stream in a glass fiber, it is transmitted through the air. It is a secure, cost-effective alternative to other wireless connectivity options. This form of delivering communication has a lot of compelling advantages.
Data rates comparab ....etc

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