Definition
Divide and conquer has been the underlying principle used to solve many engineering and social problems. Over many years engineers have devised systematic ways to divide a design objective into a collection of smaller projects and tasks defined at multiple levels of abstraction. This approach has been quite successful in an environment where a large number of people with different types and levels of expertise work together to realize a given objective in a limited time. Communication system design is a perfect example of this pro ....etc

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Definition
Computers and Networking have become inseparable by now. A number of confidential transactions occur every second and today computers are used mostly for transmission rather than processing of data. So Network Security is needed to prevent hacking of data and to provide authenticated data transfer. Network Security can be achieved by Firewall. Conventional firewalls rely on the notions of restricted topology and controlled entry points to function. Restricting the network topology, difficulty in filtering of certain protocols, End-t ....etc

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Distributed-Input-Distributed-Output (DIDO) Wireless Technology



Abstract

Distributed-Input-Distributed-Output (DIDO) wireless technology is a breakthrough approach that allows each wireless user to use the full data rate1 of shared spectrum simultaneously with all other users, by eliminating interference between users sharing the same spectrum. With conventional wireless technologies the data rate available per user drops as more users share the same spectrum to avoid interference, but with DIDO, the data ....etc

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Definition
The Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) standard was produced by the ANSI X3T9.5 standards committee in the mid-1980s. During this period, high-speed engineering workstations were beginning to tax the capabilities of existing local-area networks (LANs) (primarily Ethernet and Token Ring). A new LAN was needed that could easily support these workstations and their new distributed applications. At the same time, network reliability was becoming an increasingly important issue as system managers began to migrate mission-critical ap ....etc

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Distributed generation also called distributed energy or Onsite Generation, is a new trend in the generation of heat and electrical power. The Distributed Energy Resources (DER) concept permits consumers who are generating heat or electricity for their own needs to send surplus electrical power back into the power grid also know as net metering or share excess heat via a distributed heating grid. Distributed generation systems with Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems can be very efficient, using up to 90% of the fuel they consume. CHP can a ....etc

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Distributed computing deals with hardware and software systems containing more than one processing element or storage element, concurrent processes, or multiple programs, running under a loosely or tightly controlled regime.

In distributed computing a program is split up into parts that run simultaneously on multiple computers communicating over a network. Distributed computing is a form of parallel computing, but parallel computing is most commonly used to describe program parts running simultaneously on multiple processors in the same comp ....etc

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INTRODUCTION

With the rapid progress in telecommunications, more and more services are provided on the basis of broadband communications, such as video services and high-speed Internet. With worldwide fundamental construction of a backbone network based on optical fiber providing almost unlimited communications capability, the limited throughput of the subscriber loop becomes one of the most stringent bottlenecks.Compared to the capacity of the backbone network, which is measured by tens of ....etc

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Definition
The Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) standard was produced by the ANSI X3T9.5 standards committee in the mid-1980s. During this period, high-speed engineering workstations were beginning to tax the capabilities of existing local-area networks (LANs) (primarily Ethernet and Token Ring). A new LAN was needed that could easily support these workstations and their new distributed applications. At the same time, network reliability was becoming an increasingly important issue as system managers began to migrate mission-critical ap ....etc

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The confluence of Web services,
Peer-to-Peer systems, and grid computing provides the foundation for
internet distributed computing- allowing applications to scale from
proximity ad hoc networks to planetary-scale distributed systems. This
concept will make internet as a application hosting platform. To make
the internet as a application hosting platform we have to provide
additional functional layer to the internet that can allocate and
manage the resources necessary for application execution. Given such a
hosting environment, software ....etc

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g ....etc

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