TRANSMISSION MEDIA , ANALOG VS DIGITAL DATA TRANSMISSION



INTRODUCTION
The transmission medium is the physical path between the transmitter and receiver in a data transmission system.
Transmission media is divided into two types: Guided(wired) or Unguided(Wireless).
Wired Media is the most common and is further divided into three different types of cabling: Coaxial, Twisted Pair, and Fiber Optic Cables
Wireless media, which is, in a sense, no media ....etc

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In the today's cyber world, we are largely dependent on computers. With the advancement of technology and complexity of computers, the need for massive storage is mandatory. Hard disks have been a major storage media for the past several years. Hard disks continue to shrink in size, gain increased storage capacity and increased transfer speeds.

The focus of development has been on increasing the density. But this may ultimately lead to saturation to atomic levels one day. Hence in this paper, on the basis of domain theory, different states h ....etc

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Transmission Media
GUIDED MEDIA
Guided media, which are those that provide a conduit from one device to another, include twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable.
UNGUIDED MEDIA: WIRELESS
Unguided media transport electromagnetic waves without using a physical conductor. This type of communication is often referred to as wireless communication.
Wireless Channels
 Are subject to a lot more errors than guided media channels.
 Interference is one cause for errors, can be circumve ....etc

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Multiplexing and Transmission Media


MULTIPLEXING

Whenever the bandwidth of a medium linking two devices is greater than the bandwidth needs of the devices, the page link

can be shared. Multiplexing is the set of techniques that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals

across a single data link. As data and telecommunications use increases, so does traffic.


Frequency Division Multiplexing
¢ Each signal is modulated to a different carrier frequency
¢ Carrier frequencies separated so signals do not o ....etc

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Transmission Media
Transmission media can be divided into two broad categories
• Guided Media
• Unguided Media
Guided Media
• Guided Media, Some thing physically , include twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable.
• Twisted-pair cable and coaxial cable use metallic (copper).
• Optical fiber is a glass or plastic cable that accepts and transports signals in the form of light.
Twisted-Pair Cable
Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) Cable:
• Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) ....etc

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TRANSMISSION MEDIA

Introduction
Transmission Media:-
A transmission media can be defined as anything that can carry signal from source to destination.
Example:- Let the two friends are having dinner conversation . Here transmission media is air.
The transmission media may be the air , fiber-optics cables , metallic cables etc.
Here in Computer Network , transmission media is the medium to transfer the data from one computer physical layer to another computer physical layer .
Guided Media ....etc

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TRANSMISSION MEDIA
The means through which data is transformed from one place to another is called transmission or communication media. There are two categories of transmission media used in computer communications.
I. BOUNDED/GUIDED MEDIA
II. UNBOUNDED/UNGUIDED MEDIA
i. BOUNDED MEDIA:
Bounded media are the physical links through which signals are confined to narrow path. These are also called guide media. Bounded media are made up o a external conductor (Usually Copper) bounded by jacket material. Bounded media are great for LABS b ....etc

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merits and demerits of bounded and unbounded media
*cost of deployment
*time/speed of deployment
*effect of noise
*terrain/topology for deployment. ....etc

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The Megaco protocol is used between elements of a physically decomposed multimedia gateway and is the result of cooperative efforts of the IETF and the ITU-T Study Group 16. The protocol definition of this protocol is common text with ITU-T Recommendation H.248. There are no functional differences from a system view between a decomposed gateway, with distributed sub-components potentially on more than one physical device, and a monolithic gateway such as described in H.246 . The Packet network interfaces may include IP, ATM or possibly ot ....etc

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This protocol controls telephony gateways from external call control elements called media gateway controllers or call agents. Converting among the audio signals carried on telephone circuits and data packets carried over the Internet or over other packet networks is done by telephony gateway. According to the call control architecture assumption of the MGCP the call control intelligence is outside the gateways and handled by external call control elements and these call control elements, or Call Agents, will synchronize with each other to send ....etc

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