a pervasive computing environment can be expected based on the recent progresses and advances in computing and communication technologies. Next generation of mobile communication will include both popular infrastructured wireless networks and novel infrastructureless mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). A MANET is collection of wireless nodes that can dynamically form a network to exchange information without using any pre-existing fixed network infrastructure. Wireless ad-hoc networks are increasingly being used ....etc

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Challenges in the Migration to 4G

Second-generation (2G) mobile systems were very successful in the previous decade. Their success prompted the development of third generation (3G) mobile systems. While 2G systems such as GSM, IS-95, and cdmaOne were designed to carry speech and low-bit-rate data, 3G systems were designed to provide higher-data-rate services. During the evolution from 2G to 3G, a range of wireless systems, including GPRS, IMT-2000, Bluetooth, WLAN, and HiperLAN, have been developed. All these systems were designed independen ....etc

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Dynamic resource sharing protection
using label stacking and burst multiplexing
in optical burst switched networks


Abstract: A protection and restoration mechanism is essential to provide reliable traffic transmission in networks, but it is not easy to apply existing protection mechanisms to optical burst-switching (OBS) networks, because of the unique properties of OBS. The authors introduce a 1:1 link-based protection ....etc

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Introduction

According to the American Marketing Association, green marketing is the marketing of products that are presumed to be environmentally safe. Thus green marketing incorporates a broad range of activities, including product modification, changes to the production process, packaging changes, as well as modifying advertising. Yet defining green marketing is not a simple task where several meanings intersect and contradict each other; an example of this will be the existence of varying socia ....etc

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Technological Applications of Superhydrophobic Coatings: Needs and Challenges
Abstract
Superhydrophobic coatings represent an important and interesting field of research. This
report begins with a brief discussion about the causes of superhydrophobicity and characterization
of superhydrophobic surfaces. Some recent synthesis techniques and several applications of these
surfaces and coatings are then described followed by a discussion of the major problems that need
to be solved before these applications become widespre ....etc

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3D Stacking: EDA Challenges & Opportunities



SEMATECH SymposiumTokyo, Japan
Rajiv MaheshwarySenior Director



Summary

3D IC Market Drivers
–Cost, Performance/Power
–Heterogeneous integration
•Customers expected to have production devices starting 2011
–Logic + DRAM and Logic + Logic
–$20B* TSV devices by 2013
•Synopsys Focus
–Enable design flow with partners
–Lead definition of emerging interoperability standards ....etc

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Global Challenges for Multinational Corporate are Corporate Social Performance - An evolving Concern for all

Abstract:

The future belongs to those who understand that doing more with less is compassionate, prosperous, and enduring, and thus more intelligent, even competitive.
- Paul Hawken

Global integration of markets across countries has created a favorably climate for corporates to grow into large entities. The number of MNC's including Indian MNC's is growing rapidly. Many such corpora ....etc

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Tourism Development Initiatives and Challenges of Kerala
The size and economic significance
of travel and tourism have attracted
the attention of many developed and
developing countries in actively promot-
ing tourism as a way to stimulate their
economies, and in the process, many
have been successful in attracting large
number of international tourists (WTTC,
2003). For developing countries, World
Tourism Organization (WTO, 1998) has
recognized the potential of tourism sec-
tor for the purpose of poverty alleviation
by increased j ....etc

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ABSTRACT
Embedded Systems will play a key role to drive the technological evolution in the next 20 years. Their evolution will further accelerate with the diffusion of the novel technologies that will deeply change our scenario, among which we can mention nanotechnologies, bioelectronics, and photonics. The central role of embedded systems in the economy will grow stronger and stronger: the starting point is the convergence between storage, security, video, audio, mobility and connectivity. Systems are converging and ICs ....etc

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A multi-scale model for electrochemistry in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells has been developed. The multi-scale model involves four scales: atomic-scale for kinetics of chemical/electrochemical reaction, nano-scale for surface reactions, micro-scale for electrolyte transport, and macro-scale. The energetics of chemical and electrochemical reactions are computed using quantum computation which serves as input for the kinetics on nano-scale catalysts which is simulated using the dynamic Monte Carlo (DMC) method. A full fuel cell model w ....etc

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