06-04-2011, 03:12 PM
Presented By
Er. Krishna Kumar Pandey
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Hydroelectric Power Plant
HYDROELECTRIC SCHEMES
HISTORY
1. MAN KIND KNEW ABOUT WIND AND WATER POWER SINCE BEGINNING
2. FIRST COMMERCIAL HEP – 200KW IN 1881 IN USA ON RIVER NIAGARA
3. 130 KW – AT DARJEELING, INDIA IN 1897
Precipitation
• The primary way in which water is transported from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface is through precipitation. Precipitation can be rain, snow, hail, sleet or freezing rain. Precipitation amounts vary in geographical locations, due to influences of topography.
Runoff
It is the movement of water to the ocean by lakes, rivers and streams. Precipitation that does not evaporate, transpire or become groundwater, returns to the ocean. Excess runoff can also cause flooding, when too much precipitation occurs.
Hydraulic Machines
• Machines which converts hydraulic energy( energy possessed by water) into mechanical energy( which is further converted into electrical energy)
How Hydropower Works! (ctd…)
• Water from the reservoir flows due to gravity to drive the turbine.
• Turbine is connected to a generator.
• Power generated is transmitted over power lines.
Classification of Hydroelectric Plants
The Classification may be based upon
a)Quantity of Water Available
b)Available head
c) Nature of load
a)Quantity of Water Available
1. RUN OF THE RIVER Plant without pondage
2. R-O-R WITH SMALL PONDAGE
3. STORAGE TYPE (Reservoir Plant)-MULTI PURPOSE – POWER + IRRIGATION + FLOOD CONTROL
4. PUMP STORAGE
RUN-OFF THE RIVER PLANT WITHOUT PONDAGE
• It does not store water
• It uses water as it comes
• Generation of power is done when water is available
• Generation of power is not done when water is not available
• Its generating capacity is dependent on rate of flow of water.
