24-02-2012, 04:54 PM
ENERGY SOURCES
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1. Introduction to energy
Energy is the primary and most universal measure of all kinds work by human beings and nature. Every thing what happens the world is the expression of flow of energy in one of its forms.
Non-Conventional Energy Sources
The sources of energy which are being produced continuously in nature and are in exhaustible are called renewable sources of energy (or) non-conventional energy.
Winds are caused because of two factors.
1. The absorption of solar energy on the earth’s surface and in the atmosphere.
2. The rotation of the earth about its axis and its motion around the Sun. A wind mill converts the kinetic energy of moving air into Mechanical energy that can be either used directly to run the Machine or to run the generator to produce electricity.
(b) Tidal energy
Tides are generated primarily by the gravitational attraction between the earth and the Moon. They arise twice a day in Mid-Ocean. The tidal range is only a Meter. Basically in a tidal power station water at high tide is first trapped in a artificial basin and then allowed to escape at low tide. The escaping water is used to drive water turbines, which in turn drive electrical generators.
© Solar energy
Brief history of solar energy (or) Importance of solar energy: Energy from the sun is called solar energy. The Sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusion reaction that take place deep in the Sun. Hydrogen nucleus fuse into helium nucleus. The energy from these reactions flow out from the sun and escape into space.
SOLAR ENERGY
Energy from the sun is called solar energy. The Sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusion reaction that takes place deep in the sun. Hydrogen nucleus fuse into helium nucleus. The energy from these reactions flow out from the sun and escape into space. Solar energy is some times called radiant energy. These are different kinds of radiant energy emitted by sun. The most important are light infrared rays. Ultra violet rays, and X- Rays.
Solar Radiation at the Earth’s Surface
The solar radiation that penetrates the earth’s atmosphere and reaches the surface differs in both amount and character from the radiation at the top
of the atmosphere. In the first place. Part of the radiation is reflected back in to the space, especially by clouds. Further more, the radiation entering the atmosphere is partly absorbed by molecules in the air. Oxygen and Ozone (o3), formed from oxygen, absorb nearly all the Ultraviolet radiation, and water vapor and carbon dioxide absorb some of the energy in the infrared range.
In addition, part of the solar radiation is scattered (i.e. its direction has been changed) by droplets in clouds by atmosphere molecules, and by dust particles.
Instruments for measuring solar radiation and sun shine
Solar Radiation flux is usually measured with the help of a pyranometer or a Pyrheliometer, sunshine recorder is used for measuring sunshine.
Solar Energy applications
1. Heating and cooling of residential building.
2. Solar water heating.
3. Solar drying of agricultural and animal products.
4. Salt production by evaporation of seawater.
5. Solar cookers.
6. Solar engines for water pumping.
7. Solar Refrigeration.
8. Solar electric power generation.
9. Solar photo voltaic cells, which can be used for electricity.
10. Solar furnaces.
[attachment=17712]
1. Introduction to energy
Energy is the primary and most universal measure of all kinds work by human beings and nature. Every thing what happens the world is the expression of flow of energy in one of its forms.
Non-Conventional Energy Sources
The sources of energy which are being produced continuously in nature and are in exhaustible are called renewable sources of energy (or) non-conventional energy.
Winds are caused because of two factors.
1. The absorption of solar energy on the earth’s surface and in the atmosphere.
2. The rotation of the earth about its axis and its motion around the Sun. A wind mill converts the kinetic energy of moving air into Mechanical energy that can be either used directly to run the Machine or to run the generator to produce electricity.
(b) Tidal energy
Tides are generated primarily by the gravitational attraction between the earth and the Moon. They arise twice a day in Mid-Ocean. The tidal range is only a Meter. Basically in a tidal power station water at high tide is first trapped in a artificial basin and then allowed to escape at low tide. The escaping water is used to drive water turbines, which in turn drive electrical generators.
© Solar energy
Brief history of solar energy (or) Importance of solar energy: Energy from the sun is called solar energy. The Sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusion reaction that take place deep in the Sun. Hydrogen nucleus fuse into helium nucleus. The energy from these reactions flow out from the sun and escape into space.
SOLAR ENERGY
Energy from the sun is called solar energy. The Sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusion reaction that takes place deep in the sun. Hydrogen nucleus fuse into helium nucleus. The energy from these reactions flow out from the sun and escape into space. Solar energy is some times called radiant energy. These are different kinds of radiant energy emitted by sun. The most important are light infrared rays. Ultra violet rays, and X- Rays.
Solar Radiation at the Earth’s Surface
The solar radiation that penetrates the earth’s atmosphere and reaches the surface differs in both amount and character from the radiation at the top
of the atmosphere. In the first place. Part of the radiation is reflected back in to the space, especially by clouds. Further more, the radiation entering the atmosphere is partly absorbed by molecules in the air. Oxygen and Ozone (o3), formed from oxygen, absorb nearly all the Ultraviolet radiation, and water vapor and carbon dioxide absorb some of the energy in the infrared range.
In addition, part of the solar radiation is scattered (i.e. its direction has been changed) by droplets in clouds by atmosphere molecules, and by dust particles.
Instruments for measuring solar radiation and sun shine
Solar Radiation flux is usually measured with the help of a pyranometer or a Pyrheliometer, sunshine recorder is used for measuring sunshine.
Solar Energy applications
1. Heating and cooling of residential building.
2. Solar water heating.
3. Solar drying of agricultural and animal products.
4. Salt production by evaporation of seawater.
5. Solar cookers.
6. Solar engines for water pumping.
7. Solar Refrigeration.
8. Solar electric power generation.
9. Solar photo voltaic cells, which can be used for electricity.
10. Solar furnaces.
