BRAIN COMPUTER INTERFACE A SEMINAR REPORT

[seminar class]

Presented by::
Vipul Sparsh

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What is BCI?
Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI)
A Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a
collaboration in which
a brain accepts and
controls a mechanical
device as a natural part
of its representation of the body.
Examples…. (Reel life)
Example…. (real) Stephen Hawkins
General principle
In healthy subjects, primary motor area sends movement commands to muscles via spinal cord .
In paralyzed people this pathway is interrupted.
Computer based decoder translates this activity into commands for muscle control.
How bci works…….
BASIC COMPONENTs
The implant device chronic multielectrode
The signal recording and processing section
An external device the subject uses to produce & control motion
A feedback section to the subject
Output Device
Any controllable machines
For answering yes/no questions
Wheelchair
Virtual Reality
Usually, Computer screen and the output is the selection of targets or cursor movement
Our Architecture
EEG based BCI
Electroencephalography
(EEG) is a method used in
measuring the electrical
activity of the brain.
The basic frequency of the
EEG range is classified
into five bands for
purposes of EEG analysis
called brain rhythms .
The alpha rhythm is one of
the principal components
of the EEG and is an
indicator of the state of
alertness of the brain
Wearable BCI
Mobility
Communication technologies
Bluetooth
802.11
GSM/GPRS
PDA instead of stationary computer
Dry Electrode instead of wet (reducing montage time)
Making the BCI transparent
No need to change electrodes for a reasonable long time
BCI APPLICATIONS
Medical applications(restoration of a
communication channel for patients with lockedin syndrome and the control of neuroprostheses in patients affected by spinal cord injuries )
Military applications
Counter terrorism(10 times faster image search) multimedia and virtual reality applications
DRAWBACKS
EEGs measure tiny voltage potentials. The
signal is weak and prone to interference.
Each neuron is constantly sending and
receiving signals through a complex web
of connections. There are chemical
processes involved as well, which EEGs
can't pick up on.
COMPUTATIONAL CHALLENGES AND FUTURE IMPLEMENTATIONS
Minimally invasive surgical methods.
Next generation Neuroprostheses.
Vision prosthesis.
BCI for totally paralyzed.
Minimal number of calibration trials.
Development of telemetry chip to collect data without external cables.
CONCLUSION
A potential therapeutic tool.
BCI System is nominated for the
European ICT Grand Prize.
Potentially high impact technology