09-04-2011, 09:27 AM
Presented by:
R.Neethu
R.Tejaswini
[attachment=11887]
4G MOBILE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT
This paper discusses about one of the most advanced mobile communications which is still in the process of research.
The 4g mobile communication refers to the next generation mobile technology which effectively deals with the speed of data transfer using the existing wireless and wired networks through software defined ratio concept. Also different channels are used in the process of adaptive modulation and coding where the data transfer is done without any errors If implemented this provides key services to not only the regular customers but even effectively to the armed forces
The architecture of this technology is being developed as service oriented which provides unlimited usage with low costs at
high speed. Also IP usage comes in handy
to security departments and police.
The technical challenges based on ip networking has been discussed in the paper. These challenges have been met using technologies like Variable Spreading Factor Orthogonal Frequency and Code Division Multiplexing (VSF-OFCDM),which is based on multi-career CDMA technologies with the variable spreading factor scheme for increasing the system capacity.
Its applications are being checked by conducting experiments in countries like Japan which have shown some excellent results in fields like the internet usage in a phone for long distances with high speeds like 124 Mbits/sec. Now let us see the different technologies implemented in this, discussed in the paper.
1.Introduction:
Consumers demand more from their technology. Whether it be a television, cellular phone or refrigerator, the latest technology purchase must have new features.
Cellular Subscribers pay extra on top of their basic bills for such features as instant messaging, stock quotes, and even Internet access right on their phones. But that is far from the limit of features; manufacturers entice customers to buy new phones with photo and even video capability.
A number of technologies currently exist to provide users with high-speed digital wireless connectivity; Bluetooth and 802.11 are examples. But they provide speed in tens of meters.
Mean while, cellular providers seek to increase speed on their long-range wireless networks. The goal is the same :long-range, high-speed wireless, which for the purposes of this report will be called 4G, for fourth-generation wireless system.
Such a system does not yet exist, nor will it exist in today’s market without standardization. Fourth generation wireless needs to be standardized throughout the world due to its enticing advantages to both users and providers.ders
2. History:
The original cellular phone network in the United States was called (AMPS). It was developed by AT&T and launched in 1983. AMPS operated in the 800 MHz range, from 824-849 MHz and 869-894 MHz The lower band was used for transmissions from the phone to the base station, and the upper band was for the reverse direction
This allows full duplex conversation, each pair contains sending and receiving data which is desirable for voice communications. The bands were divided into 832 sub channels. Each sub channel was 30 KHz wide, and had voice quality. The sub channels were set up with 45 MHz apart and base station contains a record of them.
Though usable, this system included a number of security flaws. Because each phone transmitted (like any radio transmitter) in the clear on its own frequency, the phones in this system “were almost comically vulnerable to security attacks” (Riezenman 2000, 40). The crime of service theft plagued cellular service providers, as individuals with radio scanners could “sniff” the cellular frequencies and obtain the phone identification numbers necessary to “clone” a phone (Riezenman 2000, 39).
The abuser could then use this cloned phone to make free telephone calls that would be charged to the legitimate user’s account..
3.Evolution of mobile communication:
The users of the Third-Generation (3G) International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) mobile communication services, which was launched in October 2001,has already reached about 34 million subscribers. The system provides a variety of advanced multimedia services such as video communications and high speed internet access.
It is expected that this modern era requires a more advanced wireless communications system, such as the Fourth-Generation (4G) mobile communication system.
No single wireless Radio Transmission Technology (RTT) can do both broadband high-speed data-rate and seamless mobility, and therefore we need multiple RTTs to complement each other in any optimal way to ensure the information delivery in a more cost-effective way and in a more spectrum-efficient way. So 4G mobile technology was initiated.
3.Approach to 4G system configuration:
Technical Challenges
1) Technology for Implementing High-capacity and High rate Transmission:.
Technologies that satisfy high capacity and high transmissions is Variable Spreading Factor Orthogonal Frequency and Code Division Multiplexing (VSF-OFCDM),which is based on multi-career CDMA technologies with the variable spreading factor scheme for increasing the system capacity as shown
When it is applied to isolated hot spots, we can achieve its highest capacity by choosing a flexible spreading factor of one to be compatible with conventional OFDM.
On the other hand, it works as a kind of CDMA with a spreading factor higher than one under multi-cell environments to enable the same frequency reuse. Then, a single air interface of VSF-OFCDM realizes capabilities of OFDM and CDMA in an adaptive manner according to environments
2) Technologies for Cost Reduction
Network cost is increased by the use of higher frequency band to achieve higher transmission rate with conventional system
To avert that problem, cell radii is expanded by means of higher performance
of radio transmission and circuit technology, such as low S/N ratio techniques, the use of adaptive array antennas, and low noise receivers.
There is also a need to study diversified entrance links that connect various base stations to the network, for further reduction in the costs of system construction and operation.
R.Neethu
R.Tejaswini
[attachment=11887]
4G MOBILE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT
This paper discusses about one of the most advanced mobile communications which is still in the process of research.
The 4g mobile communication refers to the next generation mobile technology which effectively deals with the speed of data transfer using the existing wireless and wired networks through software defined ratio concept. Also different channels are used in the process of adaptive modulation and coding where the data transfer is done without any errors If implemented this provides key services to not only the regular customers but even effectively to the armed forces
The architecture of this technology is being developed as service oriented which provides unlimited usage with low costs at
high speed. Also IP usage comes in handy
to security departments and police.
The technical challenges based on ip networking has been discussed in the paper. These challenges have been met using technologies like Variable Spreading Factor Orthogonal Frequency and Code Division Multiplexing (VSF-OFCDM),which is based on multi-career CDMA technologies with the variable spreading factor scheme for increasing the system capacity.
Its applications are being checked by conducting experiments in countries like Japan which have shown some excellent results in fields like the internet usage in a phone for long distances with high speeds like 124 Mbits/sec. Now let us see the different technologies implemented in this, discussed in the paper.
1.Introduction:
Consumers demand more from their technology. Whether it be a television, cellular phone or refrigerator, the latest technology purchase must have new features.
Cellular Subscribers pay extra on top of their basic bills for such features as instant messaging, stock quotes, and even Internet access right on their phones. But that is far from the limit of features; manufacturers entice customers to buy new phones with photo and even video capability.
A number of technologies currently exist to provide users with high-speed digital wireless connectivity; Bluetooth and 802.11 are examples. But they provide speed in tens of meters.
Mean while, cellular providers seek to increase speed on their long-range wireless networks. The goal is the same :long-range, high-speed wireless, which for the purposes of this report will be called 4G, for fourth-generation wireless system.
Such a system does not yet exist, nor will it exist in today’s market without standardization. Fourth generation wireless needs to be standardized throughout the world due to its enticing advantages to both users and providers.ders
2. History:
The original cellular phone network in the United States was called (AMPS). It was developed by AT&T and launched in 1983. AMPS operated in the 800 MHz range, from 824-849 MHz and 869-894 MHz The lower band was used for transmissions from the phone to the base station, and the upper band was for the reverse direction
This allows full duplex conversation, each pair contains sending and receiving data which is desirable for voice communications. The bands were divided into 832 sub channels. Each sub channel was 30 KHz wide, and had voice quality. The sub channels were set up with 45 MHz apart and base station contains a record of them.
Though usable, this system included a number of security flaws. Because each phone transmitted (like any radio transmitter) in the clear on its own frequency, the phones in this system “were almost comically vulnerable to security attacks” (Riezenman 2000, 40). The crime of service theft plagued cellular service providers, as individuals with radio scanners could “sniff” the cellular frequencies and obtain the phone identification numbers necessary to “clone” a phone (Riezenman 2000, 39).
The abuser could then use this cloned phone to make free telephone calls that would be charged to the legitimate user’s account..
3.Evolution of mobile communication:
The users of the Third-Generation (3G) International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) mobile communication services, which was launched in October 2001,has already reached about 34 million subscribers. The system provides a variety of advanced multimedia services such as video communications and high speed internet access.
It is expected that this modern era requires a more advanced wireless communications system, such as the Fourth-Generation (4G) mobile communication system.
No single wireless Radio Transmission Technology (RTT) can do both broadband high-speed data-rate and seamless mobility, and therefore we need multiple RTTs to complement each other in any optimal way to ensure the information delivery in a more cost-effective way and in a more spectrum-efficient way. So 4G mobile technology was initiated.
3.Approach to 4G system configuration:
Technical Challenges
1) Technology for Implementing High-capacity and High rate Transmission:.
Technologies that satisfy high capacity and high transmissions is Variable Spreading Factor Orthogonal Frequency and Code Division Multiplexing (VSF-OFCDM),which is based on multi-career CDMA technologies with the variable spreading factor scheme for increasing the system capacity as shown
When it is applied to isolated hot spots, we can achieve its highest capacity by choosing a flexible spreading factor of one to be compatible with conventional OFDM.
On the other hand, it works as a kind of CDMA with a spreading factor higher than one under multi-cell environments to enable the same frequency reuse. Then, a single air interface of VSF-OFCDM realizes capabilities of OFDM and CDMA in an adaptive manner according to environments
2) Technologies for Cost Reduction
Network cost is increased by the use of higher frequency band to achieve higher transmission rate with conventional system
To avert that problem, cell radii is expanded by means of higher performance
of radio transmission and circuit technology, such as low S/N ratio techniques, the use of adaptive array antennas, and low noise receivers.
There is also a need to study diversified entrance links that connect various base stations to the network, for further reduction in the costs of system construction and operation.
