Artificial Intelligence full report

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
INTRODUCTION
 AI is a new step, very helpful to the society.
 This field is defined as “the study and design of intelligent agents”.
 It has long been recognized by researchers in artificial intelligence that attempting to state theories about human mental processes using natural language is filled with difficulties.
There are many definitions of artificial intelligence -perhaps as many as there are researchers in the field.
1. ‘The use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence'.
2. The study of ideas which enable computers to do the things that make people seem intelligent.
3. The part of computer science concerned with designing systems that exhibit the characteristics we associate with intelligence in human behaviour.
QUEST FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
WHAT IS AI?
TYPES OF AI
 AI is mainly classified into two parts:
 Weak AI
 Strong AI
WEAK AI
 An artificial intelligence system which is not intended to match or exceed the capabilities of human beings.
 This type of A.I. is presently incorporated into society, especially in large industries.
 It refers to technology that is able to manipulate predetermined rules and apply the rules to reach a well-defined goal.
 Weak A.I. also has a very exciting future.
 With the exponential growth of computing power at hand, scientists believe that weak A.I. breakthroughs are in the near future. One technology that is projected to emerge is the super-computer
STRONG AI
 The second form of artificial intelligence is strong A.I.
 Strong A.I. refers to technology that has the ability to think cognitively or is able to function in a way similar to the human brain.
 Its also called as “True AI”, as they are truly intelligent.
 It is found that this intelligence is never achieved being more specific there is no hopes of achieving this intelligence.
Branches of AI
 Logical AI
 Search
 Planning
 Representation
 Inference
 Common sense knowledge and reasoning
 Learning from experience
 Pattern recognition
 Genetic programming
 Epistemology
 Ontology
 Heuristics
CHARACTERISTICS OF AI
 The ability to act intelligently as a human.
 The ability to behave following “general intelligent action “.
 The ability to artificially stimulate the brain.
 The ability to actively learn and adapt as a human.
 The ability to process language and symbols.
ROBOTICS
 It is the science and technology of robots, and their design ,manufacture, and application.
 Intelligence is required for robots to be able to handle such tasks as object manipulation and navigation, with sub-problems of localization, mapping and motion planning.
ROBOTIC APPLICATIONS
• Sony launched the Artificial Intelligence robot dog (AIBO) in 1999, the pooch was regarded as a breakthrough in the robot entertainment market. Since then, AIBO (meaning “love” or “attachment” in Japanese) .
• AIBO is the first generation of AI pets designed to learn and adapt to its environment.
• These automatons can communicate over wireless networks and even photograph things they ‘see’ and post these to their personal (owner’s) websites.
• He will wag his tail when patted on the head, and, if you’re lucky, he’ll produce an affectionate high-pitched squeal.
• The robo-pup can respond to voice commands, pick up his AIBOne, and play with his balls just like a real dog.
PARO
• Paro has got to be the cutest and most lifelike of all the artificial pets.
• He is what is known as a Mental Commitment Robot – developed to interact with human beings and make them feel emotional attachment. These robots are specifically aimed to trigger subjective evaluations and have shown to have positive psychological, physiological (such as improvement in vital signs), and social effects among inpatients and caregivers young and old.
APPLICATIONS
 Computer science
 Finance
 Medicine
 Heavy industry
 Transport
 Telecommunication
 Toys and games
 Games
 Toys
 Music
Application of AI in Systems
 Speech Recognition
 Facial Recognition System
 Handwriting recognition system
Speech Recognition
 It is a technology that allows the computer to identify the understand words spoken by a person using a microphone or telephone.
 The ultimate goal of the technology is to be able to produce a system that can recognize with 100% accuracy all words that are spoken by any person.
Facial Recognition System
 Computer application for automatically identify or verifying a person from a digital image or a video frame from a video source.
Handwriting recognition system
 Ability of a computer to receive the interpret intelligent handwritten input.
 The image of the written text may be sensed “off line” from a piece of paper by optical scanning (optical character recognition).
 Alternatively the movements of the pen tip may be sensed “on line”, for example by a pen-based computer screen surface.
Advantages
 Artificial intelligence finds applications in space exploration. Intelligent robots can be used to explore space
 Painstaking activities, which have long been carried out by humans can be taken over by the robots.
 Artificial intelligence can be utilized in the completion of repetitive and time-consuming tasks efficiently.
 Intelligent machines can be employed to do certain dangerous tasks.
Disadvantages
 Concepts such as wholeheartedness and dedication in work bear no existence in the world of artificial intelligence.
 Lack a creative mind.
 Thinking machines will govern all the fields and populate all positions pre-occupied by people.
Conclusion
 Eventually, it is up to you whether to stand by artificial intelligence or warn yourself of the likely disaster that it may lead to.
 In my view, there is no ideal replacement for human beings.
 Artificial intelligence can help alleviate the difficulties faced by man but intelligent machines can never be ‘human’.