AN IR AND ZIGBEE-TO-ZIGBEE SCHEME FOR CONTROL OF MULTIPLE DEVICES

[seminar class]

PRESENTED BY,
SARATH KRISHNAN.S
SIVASANKAR
VINEETH.R

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AN IR AND ZIGBEE TO ZIGBEE SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLE DEVICE CONTROL
AIM
To develop a sensor network system for home automation and controlling the device through a user friendly interface.
ABSTRACT
 Wireless sensor network for home monitoring.
 Mainly consists of two parts transmitter and receiver
 Communication between two ports is done by Zigbee
 Consists of four sensors: PIR, Gas sensor, LDR, Temperature
sensor
 PIR sensor detects the presence of an intruder and displays in LCD.
 Gas sensor finds the presence of any gas leakage and produces an alarm and displays in LCD to notify about the gas leakage.
 Temperature sensor senses the temperature of the room and switches on a cooling system when the temperature reaches a specified limit.
 LDR senses the intensity of light in a room and then switches on a light source when the light intensity decreases.
 We cn also switch ON /OFF a device at a limited distance.
COMPNENTS USED
 PIC16F877A
 IR transmitter
 IR receiver
 Zigbee modules
 Temperature sensor ( LM 35 )
 Light sensor( Light dependent resistor LDR)
 Gas sensor(MQ 6)
 Passive infrared sensor (PIR)
ZIGBEE
FEATURES
 Wireless sensor network techology
 high level communication protocol using small, low power radios
 low data rate
 larger range and two way transmission
 low data rate sensor
 high expansion
PIC16F877A
FEATURES
 8 bit microcontroller
 8 kb of flash program
 RISC Reduced instruction set controller
 voltage range 2 to 5.5 V
 low power consumption
 Operating speed:
DC - 20 MHz clock input
DC - 200 ns instruction cycle
PIN DIAGRAM
MAX 232
 Is an integrated circuit that converts signals from serial port to signals suitable foe use in TTL compatible digital logic circuits.
 Dual receiver/ driver and typically converts RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals.
 Operates at a broader voltage range, from 3 to 5.5 V
PIN DIAGRAM OF MAX 232
LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR
 A photoresistor, light dependent resistor (LDR) or cadmium sulfide (CdS) cell is a resistor whose resistance decreases with increasing incident light intensity.
 It can also be referred to as a photoconductor.
 A photoresistor is made of a high resistance semiconductor.
 If light falling on the device is of high enough frequency, photons absorbed by the semiconductor give bound electrons enough energy to jump into the conduction band. The resulting free electron conduct electricity.
GAS SENSOR – MQ6
 This is a simple-to-use liquified petroleum gas (LPG) sensor, suitable for sensing LPG (composed of mostly propane and butane) concentrations in the air.
 The MQ-6 can detect gas concentrations anywhere from 200 to 10000ppm.
 This sensor has a high sensitivity and fast response time.
 The sensor's output is an analog resistance.
 The drive circuit is very simple; all you need to do is power the heater coil with 5V, add a load resistance, and connect the output to an ADC.
TEMPERATURE SENSOR- LM35
 It has an output voltage that is proportional to the Celsius temperature.
 The scale factor is .01V/oC
 The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming and maintains an accuracy of +/-0.4 oC at room temperature and +/- 0.8 oC over a range of 0 oC to +100 oC.
 Another important characteristic of the LM35is that it draws only 60 micro amps from its supply and possesses a low self-heating capability. The sensor self-heating causes less than 0.1 oC temperature rise in still air.
PASSIVE INFRARED SENSOR
 A Passive Infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic device that measures infrared(IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. PIR sensors are often used in the construction of PIR-based motion detector.
 Apparent motion is detected when an infrared source with one temperature, such as a human, passes in front of an infrared source with another temperature, such as a wall.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
TRANSMITTER
RECEIVER
WORKING
The system has two mode of operation :
 Manual mode
 Automatic mode