tempest and echelon full report

[seminar class]

PRESENTED BY
SNEHA KASHYAP

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INTRODUCTION
ECHELON
Developed by National Security Agency of USA.
- A secret project to spy on people by tracing their message.
- To find out the terrorist activities across the globe.
- Developed with the highest computing power connected through the
satellites all over the world.
- Sniffing of messages over a network or any transmission media , even
wireless.
- Design:
* position intercept stations all over the world to capture all satellite,
microwaves , cellular and fiber-optic communications.
* process this information through the massive computer capabilities
of the NSA
* use advanced voice recognition and optical character recognition
(OCR) programs and look for code words or phrases known as
“echelon dictionary”
TEMPEST
- Stands for “Transient Electro-Magnetic Pulse Emanation Standard”.
- Main Theory
* any electronic or electrical device emits electromagnetic
radiations of specific key when it is operated.
- Intercept electro-magnetic waves over the air.
- It even sniffs signals emanating from computer screens(range of few
kilometers).
- Captures signal through walls.
- VDUs emit radiations when scanning up on vertical or horizontal range beyond the screen
Need for an interception system
 To keep track of spies and terrorists for preserving the security of the country.
 Also being used for purposes well outside its original mission.
 For political spying and industrial espionage.
INSIDE TEMPEST:
 TEMPEST is a short name referring to investigations and studies
of compromising emanation(CE).
 Compromising emanations(CE) are defined as unintentional intelligence bearing signals.
 CE consists of electrical and acoustical energy unintentionally emitted by a source.
 The emanations occur as: - text-related signals through
a)common circuit element such as ground and power supplies.
b)inductive and capacitive coupling. - propagation of sound waves from mechanical and electromechanical sound waves.
Sources of TEMPEST signals
a)Functional sources:
-switching transistors, oscillators, signal generators synchronizers, line drivers and line relays.
b)Incidental sources:
-electromechanical switches and brush type motors