Pick and Place Robot

[seminar class]

Presented By
SHYAMU.V

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Pick & Place Robots
 “A robot is a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.” (Robot Institute of America)
 Ideal Tasks
Tasks which are:-
 Dangerous
o Space exploration
o chemical spill cleanup
o disarming bombs
o disaster cleanup
 Boring and/or repetitive
o Welding car frames
o part pick and place
o manufacturing parts
 High precision or high speed
o Electronics testing
o Surgery
o precision machining
Automation vs robots
 Automation –Machinery designed to carry out a specific task
o Bottling machine
o Dishwasher
o Paint sprayer
o Robots – machinery designed to carry out a variety of tasks
o Pick and place arms
o Mobile robots
o Computer Numerical Control
o machines
Types of robots
 Pick and place
o Moves items between points
o Continuous path control
o Moves along a programmable path
o Sensory
o Employs sensors for feedback
Continuous path control
 Moves along a specific path
 Uses include welding, cutting, machining parts.
Sensory
 Uses sensors for feedback
o Closed-loop robots use sensors in conjunction with actuators to gain higheraccuracy – servo motors.
o Uses include mobile robotics, pick andplace with machine vision.
Pick and Place
o Moves items from one point to another
o Does not need to follow a specific path between points
o Uses include loading and unloading machines, placing components on circuit boards, and moving parts off conveyor belts.
SYSTEM DESIGN
 By braking the system down into dedicated modules, like functions in a program, each feature is implemented with maximum efficiency and simplicity.
 HARDWARE
o PULSE WIDTH MODULATOR
o KEYPAD
 SOFTWARE
o DRIVERS
o ARM ABSTRACTION
PULSE WIDTH MODULATOR
 Each servo on the robot arm is controlled by it’s own PWM. The PWM module itself produces a 1-bit modulated signal based on a value stored in it’s registers.
 The PWM will not modify the value that defines the pulse width in any way, this is up to the developer to implement via a controller or software driver.
KEYPAD
 The keypad hardware is designed to be as simple as possible from a usability point of view, its two tasks being reduced to:
 Detect when a button is pressed and depressed.
 Store current button number value.
SOFTWARE
 DRIVERS&ARM ABSTRACTION
 The drivers provide the most basic interaction with the hardware, simply reading or writing a value when requested.
 the drivers would provide some extra functionality, such as changing the register address written in the PWM.
 For example, when we want the arm to move, it is easier to issue a move command that specifies the motor to move, the direction, the speed and the distance to move in one call.
APPLICATIONS
 Parts Transfer
 Bonding and Sealing Robots offer many benefits.
 They perform applications with exceptional consistency and repeatability.
 They remove workers from taxing, tedious, and often dangerous duties.
Dispensing
 Dispensing jobs require materials to be moved from one location to another. The consistent, accurate movements of industrial robots make them well suited for dispensing
Advantages of Dispensing Robots:-
 Precision
 Repeatability
 Work envelope
 Payload capacity
 safety
DEBURRING
 Robotic deburring is the material removal process used to take burrs, sharp edges, or fins off metal parts.
DEBURRING IMPACTS
 VALUE: Automated deburring cells grind, roll and file metal parts precisely.
 PRODUCTION: The robot can work long hours without fatigue to produce more throughput.
 SPEED: Automation is faster and more efficient than its human counterparts.
 SAVINGS: Deburring robots improve the application so product is created at a faster rate.
ADVANTAGES
 Speed - Pick and place robots allow for faster cycle times.
 Accuracy - Robotic systems are more accurate and consistent than their human counterparts.
 Production - Work cells create more because they perform applications with more accuracy, speed and tirelessness. The consistent output of a robotic system along with quality and repeatability are unmatched
 Reliability - Robots can work 24 hours a day, seven days a week without stopping or tiring.
 Flexibility - Pick and place robots can be reprogrammable and tooling can be interchanged to provide for multiple applications.
 Savings - Managers are realizing the longtermsavings with a pick and place robotic workcell rather than the operation they are currently doing. An increase in output with a material handling robotic system has saved factories money.
 Affordability - With the advancements intechnology, and affordable robotics becoming available at less cost, more pick and place robotic cells are being installed for automation applications.
DISADVANTAGES
 Due to limited of its application is confined to few areas.
 If component is not in the reach of robot it take some to reach location and pick object.
FUTURE APPLICATION
 Coal mining
 Military Operation
 Fire fighting Operation
 Undersea Robots
 Garbage Collection and Waste
CONCLUSION
 Some industrial works are harmful for humans, robots are mainly used for reducing the risk process and time consumption and avoid labour.
 Humans are tired for hard work such as assembly line, material handling etc. So, Pick & Place Robots are the best alternate solution.