28-03-2011, 03:43 PM
Presentated by:
A.HARIHARAN
P.THIRUVADISAMY
[attachment=11181]
ABSTRACT to the third generation of mobile telephony (that is, cellular) technology. The third generation, as the name suggests, follows two earlier s.
Evolution of Mobile Network
First generation (1G): Analog voice systems
Second Generation (2G): Digital voice systems
Second Generation – advanced (2.5G): Combining voice and data communications
Third Generation (3G): Digital voice and data communications
– Developing a more general mobile network
• Handling Internet access, email, messaging, multimedia
• Access to any services (voice, video, data, etc.)
– Requires high quality transmission
Fourth Generation (4G): All-IP mobile networks
– Ubiquitous wireless communications
– Transparent to any services
– Integrating multi-networks
• IG 2G
• 3G 4G
4G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
- The number of access networks in public, private business and home areas is increasing.
- Service providers will need access to specific network characteristics to be able to enhance their services, and may have certain requirements such as minimum delay guarantees.
- Another aspect is that the user needs to control the usage of the available networks, especially when this usage comes with a price.
• HOW 4G WORKS
- 4G is being developed to accommodate the quality of service (QoS).
- Objectives:
* A spectrally efficient
* High network capacity
* Data rate:
100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff
* Seamless connectivity
* High quality of service for next generation
* Interoperability with existing wireless standards
* Packet switched network.
4G SYSTEM
- It should dynamically share and utilize network resources to meet the minimal requirements.
- Stands for fourth generation of cellular wireless standard.
- Successor to 3G and 2G families.
- Download speed:
high mobility communication:100 Mbit/s
low mobility communication:1 Gbit/s
- Provide a comprehensive and secure all-IP based mobile broadband solution.
FEATURES OF 4G
Spontaneous self organization of networks of devices.
Not necessarily connected to internet.
4G will create hybrid wireless networks using Ad Hoc networks.
Form of mesh networking–Very reliable.
• 4G HARDWARE
• Ultra Wide Band Networks
• Smart Antennas
• 4G SOFTWARE
• Software Defined Radio
• Interactive media Plat-form
4G HARDWARE
Ultra Wide Band Networks:
- Advanced transmission technology.
- Used in implementation of 4G.
- It is typically detected as noise.
- Noise does not cause interference with current radio frequency devices.
- But it can reassemble the noise back into a signal.
- Works by emitting a series of short, low powered electrical pulses.
- The pulse can be called “shaped noise” because it is not flat, but curves across the spectrum.
- Frequency : between 3.1 to 10.6 GHz.
- Bandwidth : 60 megabits per second.
Smart Antennas:
- Multiple “smart antennas” can be employed to help find, tune, and turn up signal information.
- The antennas can both “listen” and “talk”.
- A smart antenna can send signals backing the same direction that they came from.
- Two Types:
Switched Beam Antennas
Adaptive Array Antennas
Uses:
• Optimize available power
• Increase base station range and coverage
• Reuse available spectrum
• Increase bandwidth
• Lengthen battery life of wireless devices
Switched Beam Antennas:
- It have fixed beams of transmission.
- It can switch from one predefined beam to another when the user with the phone moves throughout the sector.
Adaptive Array Antenna:
- It is needed to process data on both the sending and receiving side.
- This software should be flexible, as the future wireless world will likely be a heterogeneous mix of technologies.
- Minimize interference.
- Maximize intended signal reception.
• Smart Antennas
4G SOFTWARE
- 4G needs to support a wide range of mobile devices .
- These devices would have to support different networks.
- Solution : “software defined radio”.
Software Defined Radio:
- It can be configured to any radio or frequency standard through the use of software.
- Advantages:
Flexibility for wireless standards. Dynamically updated with new software
Roaming is not an issue.
- In order to be able to download software at any location, the data must be formatted to some standard.
- This is the job of the packet layer, which will split the data into small “packets.”
Interactive media Plat-form:
- Software platform for mobilestreaming applications.
- Designed as an end-to-end solution, the system consists of ,
Dedicated content creation machines.
Player application runs on widely used operating systems.
Content servers hold newly created multimedia content.
Proxy builds interface between the player application and other platform.
WIMAX
Worldwide Inter operability for Microwave Access.
"mobile WiMAX", "802.16d" and "802.16e" are frequently used incorrectly.
Correct definitions are the following:
• 802.16-2004 is often called 802.16d, since that was the working party that developed the standard. It is also frequently referred to as "fixed WiMAX" since it has no support for mobility.
• 802.16e-2005 is an amendment to 802.16-2004 and is often referred to in shortened form as 802.16e. It introduced support for mobility, among other things and is therefore also known as "Mobile WiMAX".
Living 4G in a 3G World
Currently the 4G network is not supporting voice services in its simplest form.
The 4G wireless network works on a different frequency than the 3G wireless network.
Many of the new 4G wireless network phones available now will be a hybrid of both 4G and 3G networks.
The 4G to handle data services and the 3G to handle voice calls.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DURING DISASTER
APPLICATION
Virtual Navigation
Tele-Medicine
Crisis Management Applications
ADVANTAGES
• High usability: anytime, anywhere, and with any technology.
• Support for multimedia services at low transmission cost.
•Higher bandwidth, tight network security.
DISADVANTAGES
• The equipment required to implement a next generation network is still very expensive.
• Carriers and providers have to plan carefully to make sure that expenses are kept realistic.
CONCLUSION
Low cost high speed data will drive forward the fourth generation (4G) as short- range communication emerges.
It is probable that the radio access network will evolve from a centralized architecture to a distributed one.
4G is likely to enable the download of full length songs or music pieces which may change the market response dramatically.
Innovations in network technology will provide an environment in which virtually anything is available, anywhere, at any time, via any connected device.
A.HARIHARAN
P.THIRUVADISAMY
[attachment=11181]
ABSTRACT to the third generation of mobile telephony (that is, cellular) technology. The third generation, as the name suggests, follows two earlier s.
Evolution of Mobile Network
First generation (1G): Analog voice systems
Second Generation (2G): Digital voice systems
Second Generation – advanced (2.5G): Combining voice and data communications
Third Generation (3G): Digital voice and data communications
– Developing a more general mobile network
• Handling Internet access, email, messaging, multimedia
• Access to any services (voice, video, data, etc.)
– Requires high quality transmission
Fourth Generation (4G): All-IP mobile networks
– Ubiquitous wireless communications
– Transparent to any services
– Integrating multi-networks
• IG 2G
• 3G 4G
4G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
- The number of access networks in public, private business and home areas is increasing.
- Service providers will need access to specific network characteristics to be able to enhance their services, and may have certain requirements such as minimum delay guarantees.
- Another aspect is that the user needs to control the usage of the available networks, especially when this usage comes with a price.
• HOW 4G WORKS
- 4G is being developed to accommodate the quality of service (QoS).
- Objectives:
* A spectrally efficient
* High network capacity
* Data rate:
100 Mbit/s between any two points in the world
* Smooth handoff
* Seamless connectivity
* High quality of service for next generation
* Interoperability with existing wireless standards
* Packet switched network.
4G SYSTEM
- It should dynamically share and utilize network resources to meet the minimal requirements.
- Stands for fourth generation of cellular wireless standard.
- Successor to 3G and 2G families.
- Download speed:
high mobility communication:100 Mbit/s
low mobility communication:1 Gbit/s
- Provide a comprehensive and secure all-IP based mobile broadband solution.
FEATURES OF 4G
Spontaneous self organization of networks of devices.
Not necessarily connected to internet.
4G will create hybrid wireless networks using Ad Hoc networks.
Form of mesh networking–Very reliable.
• 4G HARDWARE
• Ultra Wide Band Networks
• Smart Antennas
• 4G SOFTWARE
• Software Defined Radio
• Interactive media Plat-form
4G HARDWARE
Ultra Wide Band Networks:
- Advanced transmission technology.
- Used in implementation of 4G.
- It is typically detected as noise.
- Noise does not cause interference with current radio frequency devices.
- But it can reassemble the noise back into a signal.
- Works by emitting a series of short, low powered electrical pulses.
- The pulse can be called “shaped noise” because it is not flat, but curves across the spectrum.
- Frequency : between 3.1 to 10.6 GHz.
- Bandwidth : 60 megabits per second.
Smart Antennas:
- Multiple “smart antennas” can be employed to help find, tune, and turn up signal information.
- The antennas can both “listen” and “talk”.
- A smart antenna can send signals backing the same direction that they came from.
- Two Types:
Switched Beam Antennas
Adaptive Array Antennas
Uses:
• Optimize available power
• Increase base station range and coverage
• Reuse available spectrum
• Increase bandwidth
• Lengthen battery life of wireless devices
Switched Beam Antennas:
- It have fixed beams of transmission.
- It can switch from one predefined beam to another when the user with the phone moves throughout the sector.
Adaptive Array Antenna:
- It is needed to process data on both the sending and receiving side.
- This software should be flexible, as the future wireless world will likely be a heterogeneous mix of technologies.
- Minimize interference.
- Maximize intended signal reception.
• Smart Antennas
4G SOFTWARE
- 4G needs to support a wide range of mobile devices .
- These devices would have to support different networks.
- Solution : “software defined radio”.
Software Defined Radio:
- It can be configured to any radio or frequency standard through the use of software.
- Advantages:
Flexibility for wireless standards. Dynamically updated with new software
Roaming is not an issue.
- In order to be able to download software at any location, the data must be formatted to some standard.
- This is the job of the packet layer, which will split the data into small “packets.”
Interactive media Plat-form:
- Software platform for mobilestreaming applications.
- Designed as an end-to-end solution, the system consists of ,
Dedicated content creation machines.
Player application runs on widely used operating systems.
Content servers hold newly created multimedia content.
Proxy builds interface between the player application and other platform.
WIMAX
Worldwide Inter operability for Microwave Access.
"mobile WiMAX", "802.16d" and "802.16e" are frequently used incorrectly.
Correct definitions are the following:
• 802.16-2004 is often called 802.16d, since that was the working party that developed the standard. It is also frequently referred to as "fixed WiMAX" since it has no support for mobility.
• 802.16e-2005 is an amendment to 802.16-2004 and is often referred to in shortened form as 802.16e. It introduced support for mobility, among other things and is therefore also known as "Mobile WiMAX".
Living 4G in a 3G World
Currently the 4G network is not supporting voice services in its simplest form.
The 4G wireless network works on a different frequency than the 3G wireless network.
Many of the new 4G wireless network phones available now will be a hybrid of both 4G and 3G networks.
The 4G to handle data services and the 3G to handle voice calls.
TRAFFIC CONTROL DURING DISASTER
APPLICATION
Virtual Navigation
Tele-Medicine
Crisis Management Applications
ADVANTAGES
• High usability: anytime, anywhere, and with any technology.
• Support for multimedia services at low transmission cost.
•Higher bandwidth, tight network security.
DISADVANTAGES
• The equipment required to implement a next generation network is still very expensive.
• Carriers and providers have to plan carefully to make sure that expenses are kept realistic.
CONCLUSION
Low cost high speed data will drive forward the fourth generation (4G) as short- range communication emerges.
It is probable that the radio access network will evolve from a centralized architecture to a distributed one.
4G is likely to enable the download of full length songs or music pieces which may change the market response dramatically.
Innovations in network technology will provide an environment in which virtually anything is available, anywhere, at any time, via any connected device.
