WISENET-Wireless Sensor Network (Download Seminar Report)

[seminar class]

Presented by:
Bandari Prashanthi

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Introduction
 A large number of low cost, low power, multifunctional, and small sensor nodes.
 Sensor nodes consist of sensing, data processing and communicating components
 Collaborative effort of a large number of nodes.
 Primarily focus on power consumption.
The difference between sensor network and ad hoc network
 Sensor nodes:
 Number of sensor nodes is larger
 Densely deployed, prone to failures
 The topology of a sensor network changes very frequently
 Mainly use broadcast
 Limited in power
 No global identification
Sensor network communication architecture
 Data Aggregation - A technique used to solve the implosion and overlap problems in data-centric routing
 Data coming from multiple sensor nodes with the same attribute of phenomenon are aggregated
 The sensor nodes are usually scattered in a sensor field
 Sensor nodes can collect data and route data back to sink
 The sink may communicate with the task manager node via Internet or Satellite
Factors influencing sensor network design
 Hardware constraints
 Scalability
 Production costs
 Fault tolerance
 Sensor network topology
 Environment
 Transmission media
 Power consumption
Hardware constraint
 Four basic hardware components:
 Sensing unit
 Processing unit
 Transceiver unit
 Power unit
Fault Tolerance
 Fault tolerance is the ability to sustain sensor network functionalities without any interruption due to sensor node failures
 The protocols may be designed to address the level of fault tolerance
Scalability
 The number of sensor nodes may be in the order of hundreds or thousands
 The node density depends on the application in which the sensor nodes are deployed
Production costs
 Since the sensor networks consist of a large number of sensor nodes, the cost of a single node is very important
 The cost of a sensor node should be much less than 1$
Sensor network topology
 Sheer numbers of inaccessible and unattended sensor nodes make topology maintenance a challenge
 Topology maintenance:
 Pre-deployment
 Post-deployment
 Mobility
 Energy depletion or destruction
Networking
 Multi-Hop Routing
 Limited Transmission Range
 Routing Issues:
 Irregular Topologies
 Data Transport Aware
 Power Aware
 Fault Tolerant