24-03-2011, 04:19 PM
PRESENTED BY
CHAKOR SANDEEP GANPAT
[attachment=10931]
ABSTRACT
The ENERGY has become such an important part of our every day life.
It is used for different purposes By different people across the world Today’s world is a place of perfection where the Darwin’s law has to be changed “The perfect will survive.” And the energy is the basic component for perfection. The nature has provided us energy in many form
e.g.:- Coal, petrol…, etc But they are not perfect in some aspects. So an Perfect energy source has to be studied and that’s “GEOTHERMAL.”
Geothermal energy exploits the in-exhaustible heat of the earth’s core to continuously generate nearly zero-emission renewable energy at a cost-competitive level with, and in many Cases lower than, traditional power generation.
CHAPTER-01
INTRODUCTION
What is Geo-thermal?
The word Geo Thermal has came from
Greek. The word Geo is termed for Earth, while the word Thermal is termed for heat from the earth. People around the world uses geothermal energy for various needs such producing “Electricity” producing “Heat”. The earth core lies 4000 miles beneath the earth surface. The double layered core is made up of very hot molten iron surrounding a solid iron Centre, the estimated temperature of core is 5000 to 11000 degree of Fahrenheit. Surrounding the core is a mantle, thought to be partly rock and partly magma. The mantle is about 1800 miles thick. The outermost layer of the earth, the insulating crust is not one of the continues sheet of rock, like shell of egg but broken into pieces called plates
These slabs of continents on ocean floor drift apart and push against each other at a rate of about 1 inch/yr and the process is called as plate tectonics. This process can cause faults like cracks, factures or thin, allowing plumes of magma to pour out of the crust.
This is where volcanoes erupt this eruption content is called lava and the lava is formation of molten rocks and magma. This mixture also contains traces of water.Thus we can use this underground heated water and the heat for our needs. Geothermal energy is called renewable energy because the water in this process is replenished by the rain and the heat is continuously produced deep with in the earth
CHAPTER-02
HISTORY OF GEO THERMAL ENERGY
Geothermal energy is used from long period of time anciently it was used for heating and bathing. Even today hot springs are used world wide for bathing in many spas for heating buildings wide agricultural application industrial uses and many people believe the hot mineral water has natural healing power.
The use of geothermal for generating electricity is a recent development. A group of ITALIANS first used it in 1904 the used the natural steam erupting from the earth to power a turbine generator. The first successful working geothermal plant was established in USA in 1960 at Geyser in California
10 kW dynamo, to which five bulbs of few watts each were connected.
Today we drill holes deep within the earth and use the steam and water to drive the turbine and generator. The hot water is directly used for heating the building, to increase the growth rate of fish in hatcheries and crops in greenhouse, to pasteurize milk, to dry food material
CHAPTER-03
FINDING THE ENERGY
What are the characteristic for the presence of geothermal source? Some of the visible characteristic are presence of volcanoes, hot springs etc. Sometimes there may be no clue for there presence below. Geologist use different methods to find the presence of geo-energy. The only way to be sure is to drill a Well and test the temperature deep underground.
The most active geothermal resources are usually found near the major plates and boundaries where major volcanoes and earthquake are concentrated. Most of the geothermal activity occurs near this region called ring of fire.
CHAKOR SANDEEP GANPAT
[attachment=10931]
ABSTRACT
The ENERGY has become such an important part of our every day life.
It is used for different purposes By different people across the world Today’s world is a place of perfection where the Darwin’s law has to be changed “The perfect will survive.” And the energy is the basic component for perfection. The nature has provided us energy in many form
e.g.:- Coal, petrol…, etc But they are not perfect in some aspects. So an Perfect energy source has to be studied and that’s “GEOTHERMAL.”
Geothermal energy exploits the in-exhaustible heat of the earth’s core to continuously generate nearly zero-emission renewable energy at a cost-competitive level with, and in many Cases lower than, traditional power generation.
CHAPTER-01
INTRODUCTION
What is Geo-thermal?
The word Geo Thermal has came from
Greek. The word Geo is termed for Earth, while the word Thermal is termed for heat from the earth. People around the world uses geothermal energy for various needs such producing “Electricity” producing “Heat”. The earth core lies 4000 miles beneath the earth surface. The double layered core is made up of very hot molten iron surrounding a solid iron Centre, the estimated temperature of core is 5000 to 11000 degree of Fahrenheit. Surrounding the core is a mantle, thought to be partly rock and partly magma. The mantle is about 1800 miles thick. The outermost layer of the earth, the insulating crust is not one of the continues sheet of rock, like shell of egg but broken into pieces called plates
These slabs of continents on ocean floor drift apart and push against each other at a rate of about 1 inch/yr and the process is called as plate tectonics. This process can cause faults like cracks, factures or thin, allowing plumes of magma to pour out of the crust.
This is where volcanoes erupt this eruption content is called lava and the lava is formation of molten rocks and magma. This mixture also contains traces of water.Thus we can use this underground heated water and the heat for our needs. Geothermal energy is called renewable energy because the water in this process is replenished by the rain and the heat is continuously produced deep with in the earth
CHAPTER-02
HISTORY OF GEO THERMAL ENERGY
Geothermal energy is used from long period of time anciently it was used for heating and bathing. Even today hot springs are used world wide for bathing in many spas for heating buildings wide agricultural application industrial uses and many people believe the hot mineral water has natural healing power.
The use of geothermal for generating electricity is a recent development. A group of ITALIANS first used it in 1904 the used the natural steam erupting from the earth to power a turbine generator. The first successful working geothermal plant was established in USA in 1960 at Geyser in California
10 kW dynamo, to which five bulbs of few watts each were connected.
Today we drill holes deep within the earth and use the steam and water to drive the turbine and generator. The hot water is directly used for heating the building, to increase the growth rate of fish in hatcheries and crops in greenhouse, to pasteurize milk, to dry food material
CHAPTER-03
FINDING THE ENERGY
What are the characteristic for the presence of geothermal source? Some of the visible characteristic are presence of volcanoes, hot springs etc. Sometimes there may be no clue for there presence below. Geologist use different methods to find the presence of geo-energy. The only way to be sure is to drill a Well and test the temperature deep underground.
The most active geothermal resources are usually found near the major plates and boundaries where major volcanoes and earthquake are concentrated. Most of the geothermal activity occurs near this region called ring of fire.
