01-01-2011, 11:21 AM
Presented By
Pramod Krishnani
Dongun Sul
Chima Anyanwu
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Introduction
Traffic congestion is a severe problem in many modern cities around the world. Traffic congestion has been causing many critical problems and challenges in the major and most populated cities. To travel to different places within the city is becoming more difficult for the travelers in traffic. Due to these congestion problems, people lose time, miss opportunities, and get frustrated. Traffic congestion directly impacts the companies. Due to traffic congestions there is a loss in productivity from workers, trade opportunities are lost, delivery gets delayed, and thereby the costs goes on increasing. To solve these congestion problems, we have to build new facilities and infrastructure but at the same time make it smart. The only disadvantage of making new roads on facilities is that it makes the surroundings more congested. So for that reason we need to change the system rather than making new infrastructure twice. Therefore many countries are working to manage their existing transportation systems to improve mobility, safety and traffic flows in order to reduce the demand of vehicle use. By enhancing public transport, route guidance systems, traffic signal improvements, and incident management, congestion can be improved greatly from the statistical analysis of US department of transportation in 2007, it has been found that half of the congestion caused is due to the recurring congestion. Due to recurring congestion, the roads have been used repeatedly when they were not supposed to be used twice. These congestion problems are recurring congestion problems are caused due to poor guidance of travelers. The other half of the congestions are due to the non-recurring congestions which are due to traffic incidents, work zones, weather on special events. Non-recurring events dramatically reduce available capacity and reliability of the entire transportation system. The researches done on these goals would be started by stating about the simulation model created by Schaefer, Upcburch and Asbur (1998) which evaluated the freeway lane control signing. The simulation showed that lane control had some influence that lane control had some influence on congestion. Chen and Yang (2000) have created an algorithm to find a minimum total time path to simulate the operations of traffic light control in a city. After them, many researchers worked on these problems and ultimately Wen and Yang (2006) developed a dynamic and automatic traffic light control system for solving the road congestion problem.
