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INTRODUCTION
Technology has been driving the developments in the realm of transportation from the times of Industrial Revolution to the present day Digital Revolution. Until the 20th century, technology in transportation was focused on two objectives-
i. Meeting the demand of faster mobility by different modes and
ii. Building capacity and expanding network facilities to accommodate growing traffic needs.
The constraint on the available space, growing vehicle population and number of trips led to serve traffic congestion, resulting in environmental degradation. In 2000 alone, traffic congestion cost motorists a staggering $67.5 billion in wasted time in 75 large urban areas of USA. This situation has resulted in innovative shift of infrastructure management through advanced technologies, to ensure efficient and environment friendly user services. Development of vehicle detection and information technologies on top of communication technologies has offered ways to collect the real time traffic data for processing at a central facility. Processed information is used for various management purposes such as control, traveller information, incident detection and response. ITS have thus addressed the need for working towards regionally integrated transportation systems.
Traffic congestion-insufficient road development-growing number of vehicles. Low speed, increased accident rates, increased fuel consumption, and increased pollution. Impossible to build enough new roads or to meet the demand. These explore the concepts that treat highway systems and the vehicles that use them as integrated system. Among them is the concept of Intelligent Transportation Systems. The goal of I T S is to improve the transportation system to make it more efficient and safer by use of information, communications and control technologies.
ITS
ITS is comprised of a number of technologies, including information processing, analysing, communications, control, electronics. Joining these technologies to our transportation system will save lives, save time, and save money.
NEED FOR ITS
Transportation is a driving force behind development and the well being of all people around the world. Modern life demands growing mobility, frequently it is secured through ever-increasing use of private cars. The resulting burdens on the transport infrastructure, that is already heavily stretched, are multiplying. Despite major expenditures on new road infrastructures, traffic congestion continues to rise. Past gains in road safety and environmental improvements are decreasing. It is unlikely that these problems can be solved simply by building more roads or by relying on past approaches. Innovative efforts are clearly needed on broad front. Among this is the concept, and the practice, of intelligent transport systems (ITS) which can open up new ways of achieving sustainable mobility in our communications and information society. ITS are transport systems that apply information, communications, and the control technologies to improve the operation of transport networks. ITS tools are based on three core features- information, communications and integrations-that help operators and travellers make better and coordinated decisions. Through improvement of operations, ITS tools are used to save time and lives, to enhance the quality of life and the environment, and to improve the productivity of commercial activities. An ITS includes both technical and institutional components: Since the ITS components work synergistically with each other, their formal relationship can be depicted by architecture. This paper summarises the general concepts, various components and need of an ITS for India.
India is going through period of drastic change in the transportation area due to:
Rapid growing economy
Insufficient and inadequate public transportation system.
Rising vehicle ownership levels.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
Technology has been driving the developments in the realm of transportation from the times of Industrial Revolution to the present day Digital Revolution. Until the 20th century, technology in transportation was focused on two objectives-
i. Meeting the demand of faster mobility by different modes and
ii. Building capacity and expanding network facilities to accommodate growing traffic needs.
The constraint on the available space, growing vehicle population and number of trips led to serve traffic congestion, resulting in environmental degradation. In 2000 alone, traffic congestion cost motorists a staggering $67.5 billion in wasted time in 75 large urban areas of USA. This situation has resulted in innovative shift of infrastructure management through advanced technologies, to ensure efficient and environment friendly user services. Development of vehicle detection and information technologies on top of communication technologies has offered ways to collect the real time traffic data for processing at a central facility. Processed information is used for various management purposes such as control, traveller information, incident detection and response. ITS have thus addressed the need for working towards regionally integrated transportation systems.
Traffic congestion-insufficient road development-growing number of vehicles. Low speed, increased accident rates, increased fuel consumption, and increased pollution. Impossible to build enough new roads or to meet the demand. These explore the concepts that treat highway systems and the vehicles that use them as integrated system. Among them is the concept of Intelligent Transportation Systems. The goal of I T S is to improve the transportation system to make it more efficient and safer by use of information, communications and control technologies.
ITS
ITS is comprised of a number of technologies, including information processing, analysing, communications, control, electronics. Joining these technologies to our transportation system will save lives, save time, and save money.
NEED FOR ITS
Transportation is a driving force behind development and the well being of all people around the world. Modern life demands growing mobility, frequently it is secured through ever-increasing use of private cars. The resulting burdens on the transport infrastructure, that is already heavily stretched, are multiplying. Despite major expenditures on new road infrastructures, traffic congestion continues to rise. Past gains in road safety and environmental improvements are decreasing. It is unlikely that these problems can be solved simply by building more roads or by relying on past approaches. Innovative efforts are clearly needed on broad front. Among this is the concept, and the practice, of intelligent transport systems (ITS) which can open up new ways of achieving sustainable mobility in our communications and information society. ITS are transport systems that apply information, communications, and the control technologies to improve the operation of transport networks. ITS tools are based on three core features- information, communications and integrations-that help operators and travellers make better and coordinated decisions. Through improvement of operations, ITS tools are used to save time and lives, to enhance the quality of life and the environment, and to improve the productivity of commercial activities. An ITS includes both technical and institutional components: Since the ITS components work synergistically with each other, their formal relationship can be depicted by architecture. This paper summarises the general concepts, various components and need of an ITS for India.
India is going through period of drastic change in the transportation area due to:
Rapid growing economy
Insufficient and inadequate public transportation system.
Rising vehicle ownership levels.
