Supercavitation
#6
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This article is presented by:
AMIT KUMAR
T.E (MECHANICAL ENGINEERING)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ARMY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DIGHI HILLS, PUNE-411015


ABSTRACT

Supercavitation is the state of the art technology that may revolutionize underwater propulsion systems. Cavitation is a problem for most of the engineering application where as supercavitation is the booming scientific discovery for underwater automobiles, torpedo and propellers.
ABOUT CAVITATION

Cavitation is the process of formation of vapour bubbles of flowing fluid in a region where the pressure of the liquid falls below its vapour pressure and the sudden collapsing of these vapour bubbles in region of high pressure. At first small vapour filled bubbles are formed that gradually increase in size.
As the pressure of the surrounding liquid increases, the cavity suddenly collapses-a centimetre sized cavity collapses in milliseconds.
These Cavities implode violently and create shock waves that dig pits in exposed metal surfaces thus causing damage to the material.
“ Water limits even nature's strategies, and the fastest bird moves twice as quickly as the fastest fish”.
The phenomenon holding back the fish is the tremendous resistance that water offers to a moving object, called drag. The same drag acts on the bird as well, but the magnitude is considerably less owing to the lesser density of air. The human being has crossed the sound barrier in air and land, what about underwater.
Water is the most challenging environment for an Engineer. Being 1000 times denser than air, it offers resistance roughly 1000 times as high as that in air. Supersonic under Water Travel is the dream of scientists working on a bizarre technology called SUPERCAVITATION.
Supercavitation is the state of the art technology that may revolutionize underwater propulsion systems.
DIFFRENCE BETWEEN BOILING AND CAVITATION

At first, the physical characteristics of boiling and cavitation are almost identical. Both involve the formation of small vapour-filled spherical bubbles that gradually increase in size.
However, the bubbles produced by the two processes end in very different manners. In boiling, bubbles are stable: the hot gas inside either escapes to the surface or releases its heat to the surrounding liquid. In the latter case, the bubble does not collapse, but instead fills with fluid as the gas inside condenses.
Boiling takes place mostly when heat is given to the liquid. While in the process of cavitation pressure drop is the main reason for the production of vapour of the liquid.

When it acts upon propellers, cavitation not only causes damage but also decreases efficiency. The same decrease in water pressure that causes cavitation also reduces the force that the water can exert against the boat, causing the propeller blades to "race" and spin ineffectively. When a propeller induces significant cavitation, it is pushing against a combination of liquid water and water vapour. Since water vapours is much less dense than liquid water, the propeller can exert much less force against the water vapour bubbles. With the problems it causes, it is no wonder maritime engineers try to avoid cavitation.
Cavitation is a problem for most of the engineering application where as supercavitation is the booming scientific discovery for underwater automobiles, torpedo and propellers.
Whereas boiling does not create much problems in engineering applications and can be easily controlled.

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Messages In This Thread
Supercavitation - by project topics - 03-04-2010, 07:57 PM
RE: Supercavitation - by amit7391 - 07-04-2010, 05:35 AM
RE: Supercavitation - by reports-crawler - 08-04-2010, 11:37 AM
RE: Supercavitation - by mudassir - 09-05-2010, 08:21 PM
RE: Supercavitation - by Sidewinder - 14-05-2010, 07:47 AM
RE: Supercavitation - by projectsofme - 28-09-2010, 10:10 AM
RE: Supercavitation - by summer project pal - 08-01-2011, 11:58 PM
RE: Supercavitation - by dinu7272 - 14-07-2011, 10:41 PM
RE: Supercavitation - by seminar details - 22-12-2012, 10:59 AM

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