29-08-2017, 04:19 PM
In science, computing, and engineering, a black box is a device, system, or object that can be seen in terms of its inputs and outputs (or transfer characteristics), without any knowledge of its inner workings. Its implementation is "opaque" (black). Almost anything could be referred to as a black box: a transistor, an algorithm, or the human brain.
To analyze something, such as an open system, with a typical "black box approach", only the behavior of the stimulus / response will be taken into account in order to infer the (unknown) frame. The typical representation of this black box system is a box-centered data flow diagram.
The opposite of a black box is a system in which internal components or logic are available for inspection, which is more commonly known as a white box (sometimes also known as "transparent box" or "glass box") .
Black Box Testing is a form of software testing that focuses exclusively on what the system should do and not on how the software should perform it internally. No specific knowledge of programming or internal code structures is required. The tester is only aware of what behavior or result should result from a given set of inputs.
The black box test is one of the most common types of tests that a business or systems analyst will participate in. Test cases are developed from the software specification requirements. Test cases will indicate that for a given set of inputs a specific set of products must be returned or that a specific result must occur.
Black box testing can be used to test functional and non-functional system requirements, although most black box tests focus on functional requirements.
Black box tests are used during unit, integration, system, and acceptance tests.