21-04-2010, 09:13 PM
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SEMINAR ON Embedded Systems
Presented by:-
Rupali Kusumbe
CONTENTS
¢ INTRODUCTION
¢ HISTORY
¢ MICROPROCESSOR
¢ MICROCONTROLLER
¢ CLASSFICATION
¢ APPLICATION AREA
¢ VIEWS
¢ SOME PROBLEMS
HISTORY
First embedded system was the APOLLO GUIDANCE COMPUTER.
In 1961 Autonetics D-17 guidance computer used in missile.
Microprocessor INTEL 4004 was designed .
EMBEDDED SYSTEM
A system that has an embedded software in a device that make a system dedicated for an application or for a specific part of an application or product ,or a part of a larger system.
What is an Embedded System
An Embedded System is microprocessor or microcontroller based system that is embedded as a subsystem, in a larger system (which may or may not be a computer system).
Physically, embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants
MICROPROCESSOR
A microprocessor is used as general-purpose processor when large embedded software has to be located in the external memory chips.
In general , a microprocessor is a single VLSI chip that
has a CPU.
CPU executes information stores in the memory.
MICROCONTROLLER
A microcontroller is a single chip VLSI unit having limited capabilities.
No addition of external memory.
Microcontroller is of 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, 64-bit.
General Characteristics of Embedded Systems
Perform a single as well as multitasking.
Increasingly high performance and real time constrained.
Power, cost and reliability are important considerations.
HW-SW systems
Software is used for more features and flexibility
Hardware (processors, memory etc. are used for performance and security.
CLASSIFICATION OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Small scale embedded systems.
Medium scale embedded system.
Sophisticated embedded systems.
Small scale embedded systems
Single 8-bit or 16-bit microcontroller.
Less number of hardware and software.
Battery operated.
Use of C language.
Example:-Telephone
Medium scale embedded systems
Few number of 16-bit or 32-bit microcontroller.
Number of hardware and software increases.
Use of C++/C/JAVA.
Example:-Music system
Sophisticated embedded systems
Number of 32-bit or 64-bit microcontroller.
Increase in the Number of hardware and software.
Use of C++/VISUAL C++/JAVA.
Use of software function such as encryption.
Example:-Mobile phone , Smart card
Application areas
Automotive electronics
Aircraft electronics
Trains
Telecommunication
Application areas
Views on embedded System
It is estimated that each year embedded software is written five times as much as 'regular' software
The vast majority of CPU-chips produced world-wide today are used in the embedded market ... ; only a small portion of CPU's is applied in PC's
... the number of software-constructors of Embedded Systems will rise from 2 million in 1994 to 10 million in 2010;
... the number of constructors employed by software-producers 'merely' rises from 0.6 million to 1.1 million.
Some problems
¢ How can we capture the required behaviour of complex
systems
¢ How do we validate specifications
¢ How do we translate specifications efficiently into
implementation
¢ Do software engineers ever consider electrical power
¢ How can we check that we meet real-time constraints
¢ How do we validate embedded real-time software
(large volumes of data, testing may be safety-critical)
THANK YOU.
SEMINAR ON Embedded Systems
Presented by:-
Rupali Kusumbe
CONTENTS
¢ INTRODUCTION
¢ HISTORY
¢ MICROPROCESSOR
¢ MICROCONTROLLER
¢ CLASSFICATION
¢ APPLICATION AREA
¢ VIEWS
¢ SOME PROBLEMS
HISTORY
First embedded system was the APOLLO GUIDANCE COMPUTER.
In 1961 Autonetics D-17 guidance computer used in missile.
Microprocessor INTEL 4004 was designed .
EMBEDDED SYSTEM
A system that has an embedded software in a device that make a system dedicated for an application or for a specific part of an application or product ,or a part of a larger system.
What is an Embedded System
An Embedded System is microprocessor or microcontroller based system that is embedded as a subsystem, in a larger system (which may or may not be a computer system).
Physically, embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants
MICROPROCESSOR
A microprocessor is used as general-purpose processor when large embedded software has to be located in the external memory chips.
In general , a microprocessor is a single VLSI chip that
has a CPU.
CPU executes information stores in the memory.
MICROCONTROLLER
A microcontroller is a single chip VLSI unit having limited capabilities.
No addition of external memory.
Microcontroller is of 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, 64-bit.
General Characteristics of Embedded Systems
Perform a single as well as multitasking.
Increasingly high performance and real time constrained.
Power, cost and reliability are important considerations.
HW-SW systems
Software is used for more features and flexibility
Hardware (processors, memory etc. are used for performance and security.
CLASSIFICATION OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Small scale embedded systems.
Medium scale embedded system.
Sophisticated embedded systems.
Small scale embedded systems
Single 8-bit or 16-bit microcontroller.
Less number of hardware and software.
Battery operated.
Use of C language.
Example:-Telephone
Medium scale embedded systems
Few number of 16-bit or 32-bit microcontroller.
Number of hardware and software increases.
Use of C++/C/JAVA.
Example:-Music system
Sophisticated embedded systems
Number of 32-bit or 64-bit microcontroller.
Increase in the Number of hardware and software.
Use of C++/VISUAL C++/JAVA.
Use of software function such as encryption.
Example:-Mobile phone , Smart card
Application areas
Automotive electronics
Aircraft electronics
Trains
Telecommunication
Application areas
Views on embedded System
It is estimated that each year embedded software is written five times as much as 'regular' software
The vast majority of CPU-chips produced world-wide today are used in the embedded market ... ; only a small portion of CPU's is applied in PC's
... the number of software-constructors of Embedded Systems will rise from 2 million in 1994 to 10 million in 2010;
... the number of constructors employed by software-producers 'merely' rises from 0.6 million to 1.1 million.
Some problems
¢ How can we capture the required behaviour of complex
systems
¢ How do we validate specifications
¢ How do we translate specifications efficiently into
implementation
¢ Do software engineers ever consider electrical power
¢ How can we check that we meet real-time constraints
¢ How do we validate embedded real-time software
(large volumes of data, testing may be safety-critical)
THANK YOU.
