[attachment=3419]

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Wireless Technologies :IEEE 802.11g OFDM system Convergence to 4G

Abstract:
This paper gives a brief description on Cellular Wireless Systems & Wireless Networks, and 802.11g OFDM PHY developments. System Description Development Framework Future Areas - Convergence to 4G.

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Presented By:
Ms. Sasmita Rani Tripathy, Mr. Bidyut Majumdar
IACR, Rayagada

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Introduction
Wireless is the next giant leap in information services. The new paradigm for connectivity enables business to operate
faster
better
more cost effectively
and more profitably
Through the use of
always on,
always connected, and
always available content and applications.
With the tremendous increase in wireless LANs, Mobile phones, PDAs, and other mobile devices, the merging of computation and telecommunication technologies is a fundamental part of modern society. Can broadly be classified into two types “ Cellular Wireless Systems and Wireless Networks
Cellular Wireless Systems Roadmap
OFDM Overview
Multi-Carrier Modulation Technique
Carrier spacing kept minimum maintaining orthogonality
Multi-path robustness due to multi-carrier
Reduction of ISI through Guard Bands
Robust against narrow-band interference
Efficient FFT based receiver structures
Simpler Frequency Domain Channel Equalization
Simpler Receiver Synchronization Techniques
High peak-to-average power levels
Susceptible to RF Front-end non-linearity
Susceptible to LO frequency offset / drift
Areas of future “ Convergence to 4G
4G is whatever that is beyond 3G
To be used for Real-Time Video Delivery and similar applications
QOS is important
Calls for more efficient Modulation, ECC and Equalization
Incorporation of Mobility and stringent Multipath including non- LOS
scenario into Wireless Networks can lead to 4G
OFDM and UWB likely candidates for 4G PHY
Space-Time Diversity, Smart Antenna Processing and Multiple-Input-
Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems are also likely to be used
CDMA with its multi-user capabilities can provide the access mechanism
Calls for implementation of a MAC layer that seamlessly integrates all the
above features of PHY
Acknowledgement:
Authors are thankful to Authorities of IACR, Rayagada for providing a scope for presentation of paper and Prof. S.P. Panigrahi for sharing his knowledge and guidance

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wireless technologies or wibree technology

abstract

Nowadays the wireless technologies are more in use and are widely evolving. Some of the technologies now in use are Wi-Fi, Wi-max, Zigbee, Bluetooth… Out of which Bluetooth is most popular. These technologies are widely used to connect the large devices like mobile phones or personal computers. No other existing wireless technologies will connect with small button cell battery devices so effectively. So the Nokia introduced the new radio technology called Wibree.


Wibree is a new radio wireless technologies technology developed by Nokia. It consumes only a fraction of the power compared to other such radio technologies, enabling smaller and less costly implementations and it is easy to integrate with Bluetooth solutions. Wibree is the first open technology offering connectivity between mobile devices or personal computers, and small, button cell battery power devices such as watches.

Wibree is ultra low power technology. The maximum transmitted output power of Bluetooth class 2 is 4dBm, (~ 2.5 mW). The total power consumption is much higher. The output power of Wibree standard will be around -6dBm. Each manufacturer will determine its own transmit power.

In order to ensure fast availability of the new technology, Nokia is defining the Wibree interoperability specification together with a group of leading companies representing semiconductor manufacturers, device vendors and qualification service providers.


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[attachment=5935]
THE DESIGN OF A WIRELESS SOLAR-POWERED
ROUTER FOR RURAL ENVIRONMENTS ISOLATED
FROM HEALTH FACILITIES

FRANCISCO JAVIER SIMO REIGADAS AND ANDRES MARTINEZ FERNANDEZ,
UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS
PABLO OSUNA GARCIA, FUNDACION EHAS & FUNDACION RAFAEL ESCOLA
SILVIA LAFUENTE SANZ, FUNDACION EHAS & IDOM
JOAQUIN SEOANE PASCUAL, UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID

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ABSTRACT
Isolated rural areas often lack terrestrial
telecommunication networks, especially in developing
countries, which poses an important obstacle
for offering health assistance of acceptable
quality. On the other hand, low density and low
concentration of population, lack of electricity in
many areas, and accessibility problems make it
difficult to propose realistic solutions based on
conventional technologies. This work presents
the development of an autonomous solar-powered
wireless node for low-cost, static mesh networks.
IEEE 802.11 is used for communication
among nodes. The network is QoS-aware at the
IP level, providing reliable VoIP services, and
nodes contain a software PBX so that any two
nodes in the network can establish a multihop
VoIP communication.
INTRODUCTION
More than half of the population of the world
lives in isolated rural areas, out of the reach of
terrestrial telecommunication networks. This is
particularly true in developing countries, where
rural areas very often lack access to the public
telephone network or even to electricity. Low
density and low concentration of population
make it difficult to afford the installation of permanent
infrastructures that are expensive due to
typical restrictions in power service, accessibility,
maintainability, and security. Additionally, in
developing countries, rural communities are usually
extremely poor and cannot afford the cost of
services if they are too high

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