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The History and Evolution of Wireless Radio Systems

One can trace the evolution of wireless radio systems back to the late 1800s. In 1887, Heinrich Hertz performed laboratory experiments that proved the existence of electromagnetic waves, just as Maxwell predicted back in 1865.
An obscure inventor by the name of Mahlon Loomis was in fact issued a U.S. patent for a crude type of aerial wireless telegraph in 1872. Although several prominent inventors of the day (Lodge, Popoff, and Tesla) experimented with the transmission of wireless signals, Marconi seems to have received most of the credit for the invention of radio because he was first to use it in a commercial application. From 1895 to 1901 Marconi experimented with a wireless telegraph system. He initially started his experiments at his family’s villa in Bologna, Italy. He then moved to England in 1896 to continue his
work. He built several radio telegraph stations there and started commercial service between England and France during 1899. However, the defining moment for wireless is usually considered to have taken place on December 12, 1901, when Marconi sent a message (the signal was a repetitive letter “s” in Morse code) from Cornwall, England to Signal Hill,
St. John’s, Newfoundland—the first transmission across the Atlantic Ocean. This was accomplished without the aid of any modern “electronic devices”—vacuum tubes and transistors did not exist at the time.