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WI-FI HOT SPOT
What is a Wi-Fi Hotspot?
A Wi-Fi hotspot is location or access point where you can access wireless broadband using a wireless enabled device.
Wi-Fi Hot Spot is a generic term that refers to the IEEE 802.11 communications standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs).
A hotspot is a site that offers Internet access over a wireless local area network through the use of a router connected to a page link to an Internet service provider.
Introduction
Wi-Fi hotspot enables you to share internet connection between Wi-Fi enabled devices.
You can imagine it like your phone converted into a Wi-Fi router itself and sharing internet between Wi-Fi devices.
If you have Wi-Fi hotspot feature you can share internet between many devices and at the same time you can use it on your own phone
Networking standards
Wi-Fi Networks use Radio Technologies to transmit & receive data at high speed:
802.11a was first to reach the marketplace. It operates at 5 GHz and can handle up to 54 Mbps.
802.11b was next. It is the slowest and least expensive of the three. 802.11b transmits at 2.4 GHz and go up to 11 Mbps.
802.11g is a mix of both worlds. It operates at 2.4Ghz (giving it the cost advantage of 802.11b) but it has the 54 megabits per second speed of 802.11a. It is also backward compatible to 802.11b.
Most Wi-Fi cards nowadays are capable of all three of these radio technologies.
Elements of a WI-FI Network
Access Point (AP) - The AP is a wireless LAN transceiver or “base station” that can connect one or many wireless devices simultaneously to the Internet.
Wi-Fi cards - They accept the wireless signal and relay information. They can be internal and external.(e.g. PCMCIA Card for Laptop and PCI Card for Desktop PC)
How a Wi-Fi Network Works
A Wi-Fi hotspot is created by installing an access point to an internet connection.
An access point acts as a base station.
When Wi-Fi enabled device encounters a hotspot the device can then connect to that network wirelessly.
A single access point can support up to 30 users and can function within a range of 100 – 150 feet indoors and up to 300 feet outdoors.
Many access points can be connected to each other via Ethernet cables to create a single large network.
Setting up a Hotspot at Home
If you already have several computers hooked together on an Ethernet network and want to add a wireless hotspot to the mix, you can purchase a Wireless Access Point and plug it into the Ethernet network.
Difference between Wi-Fi and Wi-Fi hotspot
Similarities of Wi-Fi and Wi-Fi hot spot
Cheap
Straight forward to set up
Short range
Two way radio communication
Connected with device easily
High speed
Applications
Home
Small Businesses
Large Corporations
Health Care
Wireless ISP (WISP)
Travellers
Direct computer-to-computer communications
Advantages
Ease of Installation
Flexibility
Cost
Reliability
Security
Use unlicensed part of the radio spectrum
Roaming
Speed 
Limitations
Interference
Degradation in performance
High power consumption
Limited range