Fiber optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber. Light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to convey information. Fiber is preferred over electrical wiring when high bandwidth, long distance or immunity to electromagnetic interference is required.
The fiber optic is used by many telecommunications companies to transmit telephone signals, Internet communications and cable television signals. Bell Labs researchers have achieved Internet speeds of over 100 petabit × kilometer per second using fiber optic communication.
The fiber optic is used by many telecommunications companies to transmit telephone signals, Internet communications and cable television signals. Due to much lower attenuation and interference, fiber optics have great advantages over existing copper wire in long distance and high demand applications. However, infrastructure development within cities was relatively difficult and time consuming, and fiber optic systems were complex and costly to install and operate. Due to these difficulties, fiber optic communication systems have been installed mainly in long distance applications, where they can be used to their full transmission capacity, compensating for the increased cost. Since 2000, the prices of fiber optic communications have declined considerably.
The price for fiber deployment to the home has now become more profitable than deploying a copper-based network. Prices have fallen to $ 850 per subscriber in the United States and are lower in countries like Holland where excavation costs are low and housing density is high.
Since 1990, when optical amplification systems became commercially available, the telecommunications industry has established a vast network of inter-city and transoceanic fiber communication lines. In 2002, an intercontinental network of 250,000 km of submarine communications cable with a capacity of 2.56 Tb / s was completed, and although specific network capabilities are privileged information, telecommunications investment reports indicate that the network capacity has Dramatically since 2004.
