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1.Abstract
Mechatronic systems for vehicles have received increased importance for improving automotive safety and comfort. These systems are designed to aid the driver by preventing unstable or unpredictable vehicle behavior and to stabilize the horizontal and vertical motion of the vehicle. This is achieved by the integration of actuators, sensors and data processing. However, the attained benefits are paralleled by an increase in the complexity of the system requiring enhanced methods for fault detection and diagnosis. Therefore, concepts for model-based fault detection and diagnosis along with sensor fault tolerance are presented and realized for both a vehicle lateral dynamics system and an active suspension system.With increasing demands for efficiency and product quality and progressing integration of automatic control systems in high-cost mechatronic and safety-critical processes, the field of supervision (or monitoring), fault detection and fault diagnosis plays an important role.
Then fault-detection methods for single signals without models like limit and trend checking and with harmonic and stochastic models, like Fourier analysis, correlation and wavelets are treated. This is followed by fault detection with process models using the relationships between signals like parameter estimation, parity equations, observers and principal component analysis. A Vehicle fault detection system to be incorporated in a vehicle includes a carbon sensor (MQ3), Temperature sensor (LM35), Alcohol sensor (MQ6), Fuel level detection sensor , Coolant tank level detection sensor and control unit. The steering wheel is provided with an opening in a portion to be grasped by a driver. The film is liquid-impermeable and air-permeable, and covers the first opening. The contact detection electrodes are provided on the film. The alcohol sensor is provided in a space in communication with the opening. The control circuit is connected to the contact detection electrodes and the alcohol sensor, and measures the resistance between the contact detection electrodes. When the resistance is within a predetermined range, the control circuit determines that the driver is in contact with the film and detects an alcohol drinking condition of the driver based on the output from the alcohol sensor The vehicle is provided with carbon sensor as soon as the carbon level in vehicle increases at desired level the sensor detects it and the signal, information send over mobile and service station.The vehicle provides with Temperature sensor LM35 as engine temperature increases over a desired value the sensor detects it and the signal, information immediately sends to mobile and services center. In vehicle there are fuel level and coolant level detection sensor also given. As fuel level and coolant level goes decreasing at minimum level it detects and the signal, information is given to driver and message is send to service centre.
In that we used Microcontroller ATMEGA 8 which controls the units and sends SMS through GSM services.
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM
TO FUEL TO COOLANT
TANK TANK
Fig. 1.1 Block diagram of Fault detection in vehicle
3. WORKING
The steering wheel is provided with an opening in a portion to be grasped by a driver. The film is liquid-impermeable and air-permeable, and covers the first opening. The contact detection electrodes are provided on the film. The alcohol sensor is provided in a space in communication with the opening. The control circuit is connected to the contact detection electrodes and the alcohol sensor, and measures the resistance between the contact detection electrodes. When the resistance is within a predetermined range, the control circuit determines that the driver is in contact with the film and detects an alcohol drinking condition of the driver based on the output from the alcohol sensor. Initially the coil having some amount of temperature. As soon as we blow in that the temprature of coil get reduce due to presence of alcohol and not by other component and increases the resistance due to this current will not flow and the fault is detected. The vehicle is provided with carbon sensor. As soon as the carbon level in vehicle increases at desired level the sensor detects it and the signal is giving to port of ATMEGA8 through channel and the output of microcontroller is giving to GSM modem which will transmits over mobile and service station. The vehicle provides with Temperature sensor LM35 as engine temperature increases over a desired value the sensor detects it and the signal, information immediately sends to mobile and services center. In vehicle there are fuel level and coolant level detection sensor also given. In that we are giving two out let called as ports having wire which deep into the tank. The circuitry is having 5v supply which carries few milliamphere current. Initially when we giving supply there is output is giving to the microcontroller because the wire is deep into the tank which indicates that the fuel is present. As the level goes low below the wire then wire opens and the there is no output to the microcontroller which indicates that the fuel level goes decreasing and the fault is detected. And the signal, information is given to driver and message is send to service centre.The ATMEGHA8 is in build with 6 channels 10 bit ADC. The GSM modem is operated with command i.e. AT + (Message) = (Mobile No.) and the all message is giving to the modem and there is one transmission variable z^ which terminates the message and send over mobile and service station.