van de graff generator project
#1

Please give report of Van de Graaff generator of 25 pages
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#2

A Van de Graaff generator is an electrostatic generator that uses a moving belt to accumulate electrical charge in a hollow metal balloon at the top of an isolated column, creating very high electrical potentials. It produces DC electricity from very high voltage to low current levels. It was invented by American physicist Robert J. Van de Graaff during 1929. The potential difference achieved by the modern Van de Graaff generators can be up to 5 megavolts. A desktop version can produce on the order of 100,000 volts and can store enough energy to produce a visible spark. The small Van de Graaff machines are produced for entertainment and for physical education to teach electrostatics; the largest are shown in some science museums.

The Van de Graaff generator was developed as a particle accelerator for physical research, its high potential is used to accelerate subatomic particles at high speeds in a vacuum tube. It was the most powerful type of accelerator of the 1930's until the cyclotron was developed. Van de Graaff generators are still used as accelerators to generate energetic particles and X-ray beams for nuclear medicine research. To duplicate voltage, two generators are often used together, one that generates positive and one negative; this is called the Van de Graaff tandem accelerator. For example, the Brookhaven National Tandem Van de Graaff Laboratory achieves approximately 30 million volts of potential difference.

The voltage produced by an outdoor Van de Graaff machine is limited by the arc and the corona discharge to approximately 5 megavolts. Most modern industrial machines are enclosed in a pressurized insulating gas tank; these can reach potentials of up to about 25 megavolts.

It can be understood in the following video:
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