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underwater wireless communication ieee format online

Underwater Wireless Communications and Networks: Theory and Applications

The Earth is a water planet: two-thirds of it is covered by water. Underwater communication has become an important data transmission technology, widely applied in commercial and military water environments. The need for underwater wireless communications exists in applications such as remote control in the offshore oil industry, pollution monitoring in environmental systems, collection of scientific data recorded at ocean-bottom stations, disaster detection and early warning, national security and defense (intrusion detection and underwater surveillance), as well as for the discovery of new natural resources. Thus, research on underwater wireless communication techniques plays a most important role in further exploring oceans and other aquatic environments. Compared with terrestrial wireless radio communications, underwater wireless networks and communication channels can be significantly affected by marine environments, noise, limited bandwidth and power resources, and other phenomena because of harsh conditions. Hence, underwater communication channels often display severe attenuation, multipath effects, frequency dispersion, constrained bandwidth and power resources, etc., which make underwater communication channels complex and difficult to control.

Because of these unique and harsh conditions, many new challenges arise in underwater acoustic, optical, and RF communications for future underwater wireless networks. Of these, perhaps acoustic and optical are the most compelling, and somewhat complementary, because of the potential for longer-range, high-bandwidth networked communications in size- and power-constrained modems and unmanned systems. We note several research challenges in the acoustics domain, namely: (1) achieving high network throughput and frequency utilization efficiencies while adapting to limited spectrum and slow acoustic propagation velocity; (2) acoustic channel estimation, signal processing, modulation and decoding schemes for reliable high-data rate transmission while overcoming the time-varying and severely attenuated acoustic signal channel; (3) Quality of service (QoS) guarantees for loss and delay sensitive applications, such as video transmission; (4) dynamic network topology changes coupled with high latency demanding innovative network control protocols and algorithms; and (5) spectrum- and power-efficiency optimizations for improving underwater wireless network performance with limited bandwidth and computing/power resources. Similarly, the motivation and challenges on the optics front include: (i) understanding propagation characteristics of the underwater optical channel and optimal wavelength of operation with turbulence, absorption and scattering; (ii) high-efficiency laser/LED sources in blue-green wavelength; (iii) single photon detection, receive field-of-view expansion and solar irradiance rejection techniques; and (iv) delay- and disruption-tolerant networking in a highly disconnected data environment.

Inspired by the attractive and unique features and potential benefits of advanced underwater communications, research in underwater wireless networks has attracted much attention from researchers not only in academia, but also in the military and industry sectors. While many research efforts have been directed in recent years to underwater wireless networks, the aforementioned issues for underwater acoustic and optical wireless channel exploitation in future underwater wireless system developments still remain an open problem. In this feature topic, we plan to address the urgent need in the industry, military, and research communities to better understand the recent progress and to further explore the potential research directions in underwater wireless communications and networks.

The papers in this feature topic will focus on state-of-the-art research in theory, application, and engineering aspects of underwater wireless communications and networks. While the major focus is on acoustic communication networks, we encourage high-quality contributions in the underwater optical communications area as well. We solicit papers covering various topics of interest that include, but are not limited to, the following:

Underwater wireless network systems, theories, and techniques
Diverse applications of underwater networks, such as ocean bioscience, near-shore oil well drilling, hurricane/tsunami monitoring, underwater geology resources exploration
Underwater acoustic channel characterization, estimation, and signal processing
Underwater physical optics channel characterization and propagation properties, including transmitter source, blue-green filter, receive field-of-view expansion, and (single-photon) high-speed detector considerations
Underwater wireless-network protocol architectures and cross-layer design and optimization from PHY layer through Applications layer
Cooperative underwater communications, including PHY, MAC, routing, and data transport, etc.
Quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning for real-time transmission in underwater wireless networks
Spectrum-efficiency and energy-efficiency optimization algorithms for underwater wireless networks
Interference mitigation over multicell underwater wireless networks
MIMO, OFDM, and spread-spectrum techniques based underwater wireless networks
Operating system and middleware support for underwater networks and systems
Security, privacy, and trust issues for underwater wireless networks
Communication and coordination for underwater vehicles and sensor nodes, and human operator interaction
Field trials, experiments, and testbeds for underwater networking systems and platforms