09-07-2015, 09:50 PM
source code for wireless weather monitering system
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source code for zigbeebased wireless weather monitering system
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source code for wireless weather monitering system
10-07-2015, 02:57 PM
source code for zigbeebased wireless weather monitering system
This project is used to monitor weather conditions of a distant place through zigbee network. A point to point communication network is created using a Tarang F4 based zigbee module.
The temperature, light and Humidity are measured using a ATmega8 microcontroller. Here AVR microcontroller is used in the place of our normal 8051 microcontroller. Its because they have inbuilt ADC and they can operate at 3.3v, which a AT89S51/52 cant do it.
DS1820 is used to measure the temperature and its communicated through 1 wire. For light we are using a LDR and for Humidity we are using SY-HS-220, it provides analog dc output as per the humidity.
At receiver side we are using AT89C2051 microcontroller, which is used to display the data's over the LCD display. And if the data's goes abnormal then the alarm is switched ON.
INTRODUCTION
Sensing the winds and weather has been important to man over the centuries. Athenians built the eight
sided Tower of the Winds in the first century B.C. in honor of the eight gods of the winds. The Tower of the
Winds stands to this day in the ancient agora, or market, in Athens. Many significant weather events have
affected mankind over the years. Today, the winds and other weather variables are of equal concern and can
have an even greater impact on our modern, high-tech life style. Weather affects a wide range of man’s
activities, including agriculture, transportation and leisure time. Often the affects involve the movement of gases
and particulates through the atmosphere. Modern weather monitoring systems and networks are designed to
make the measurements necessary to track these movements in a cost effective manner. In weather monitoring
systems, different parameters like time and date, temperature, relative humidity, dew point, wind direction and
speed, rainfall amount, and weather forecast are all shown on the LCD display. Temperature and humidity are
indicated for both indoor and outdoor locations. Programmable alarms are also available in the monitoring
systems which indicate out-of-range conditions. Thermometer, barometer, and dew point functions have
min/max memories. Barometer also features sea level reference, pressure trend indicator and weather
forecasting symbols (sunny, cloudy, and rainy). Serial port permits linking to a PC or laptop for data transfer.
System is supplied with sensors, an AC adapter, and four AA backup batteries. The conventional weather
monitoring system consisted of individual sensors to measure one meteorological variable, each connected to a
data collection device or recorder. Modern technology has allowed the combination of several sensors into one
integrated weather station that can be permanently located at one site, or transported to a site where localized
weather is needed.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
After the research in the agriculture field researches found the yield of agriculture goes on decreasing
day by day. Use of technology in the field of agriculture plays important role in increasing the production as
well as in reducing the extra man power efforts, some of the researches tried for betterment of farmers and
provides the systems that use technologies which are helpful for increasing the agriculture yield. Some of such
researches carried out in field of agriculture are summarized
• The survey was made by visiting different sites and found some following point in the legacy systems.
• Have required a great effort to connect and distribute all the sensors and data acquisition systems.
• These installations need many data and power wires to be distributed along the larger area making the
system complex and expensive.
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM DESIGN
The Proposed System design consists of transmitter as well as receiver. The Proposed block diagram of
transmitter and receiver is shown in fig.1. Transmitter section consist of different type of sensing unit such as
temperature, humidity, rain quantity measurement, wind direction, wind flow as well as the sun intensiy.
Microcontroller for time domain multiplexing i.e. multiplexing the data obtained from different type of sensor as
well as for converting the analog data into digital one
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The proposed hardware of this system includes LPC2148, Temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind
flow, rain drop and Sun intensity measurement sensors, LCD. The system is low cost &low power consuming so
that anybody can afford it. The data monitored is collected at the server. It can be used in precision farming. The
system should be designed in such a way that even illiterate villagers can operate it. During irrigation period
they have to monitor their distant pump house throughout the night as the electricity supply is not consistent.
The system can be installed at the pump house located remotely from the village, it is interfaced with
the pump starter & sensors are plugged at different location in the field for data acquisition. Using this system
they can switch on their pump from their home whenever they want.
ARM7-LPC2148
LPC2148 microcontrollers are based on a 16-bit/32-bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation
and embedded trace support, that combine microcontroller with embedded high speed flash memory ranging
from 32kB to 512kB. A 128-bit wide memory interface and a unique accelerator architecture enable 32-bit code
execution at the maximum clock rate. For critical code size applications, the alternative 16-bit Thumb mode
reduces code by more than 30% with minimal performance penalty. Due to their tiny size and low power
consumption, LPC2141/42/44/46/48 are ideal for applications where miniaturization is a key requirement, such
as access control and point-of-sale. Serial communications interfaces ranging from a USB 2.0 Full-speed device,
multiple UARTs, SPI, SSP to I2C-bus and on-chip SRAM of 8kB up to 40kB, make these devices very well
suited for communication gateways and protocol converters, soft modems, voice recognition and low end
imaging, providing both large buffer size and high processing power. Various 32-bit timers, single or dual 10-bit
ADC(s), 10-bit DAC, PWM channels and 45 fast GPIO lines with up to nine edge or level sensitive external
interrupt pins make these microcontrollers suitable for industrial control and medical systems.
ZIGBEE MODULE
The XBee RF Modules are designed to operate within the ZigBee protocol and support the unique
needs of low-cost, low-power wireless sensor networks. The modules require minimal power and provide
reliable delivery of data between remote devices. The modules operate within the ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band.
It operates over a range of 100-200 meters [7]. Fig.2 shows the zigbee module. Figure 2 Zigbee series 2 module
The receiver block diagram is shown in Fig.5. The receiver module consists of an Xbee RF module which is
connected to computer system through MAX232.Thus the monitoring data received by Zigbee module is
directly transferred to computer system
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The LM35 is an integrated circuit sensor that can be used to measure temperature with an electrical
output proportional to the temperature (in oC). It is used to measure temperature more accurately than a using a
thermistor. The sensor circuitry is sealed and not subject to oxidation. The LM35 generates a higher output
voltage than thermocouples and may not require that the output voltage be amplified. This sensor is used to
monitor surrounding temperature. It gives the idea about the increase or decrease in the temperature of
surrounding. If the temperature changes it is observed on LCD.
LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR
Materials used as the semiconductor substrate include, lead Sulphide (PbS), Lead Selenide (PbSe),
indium antimony(InSb) which detect light in the infra-red range with the most commonly used of all
photoresistive light sensors being Cadmium Sulphide (Cds). Cadmium sulphide is used in the manufacture of
photoconductive cells because its spectral response curve closely matches that of the human eye and can even be
controlled using a simple torch as a light source. Typically then, it has a peak sensitivity wavelength (λp) of
about 560nm to 600nm in the visible spectral range. The net effect is an improvement in its conductivity with a
decrease in resistance for an increase in illumination. Also, photoresistive cells have a long response time
requiring many seconds to respond to a change in the light intensity.
HUMIDITY SENSOR- DHT11
The DHT11Temperature & Humidity Sensor features a temperature & humidity sensor complex with a
calibrated digital signal output. By using the exclusive digital-signal-acquisition technique and temperature &
humidity sensing technology, it ensures high reliability and excellent long-term stability. This sensor includes a
resistive-type humidity measurement component and an NTC temperature measurement component, and
connects to a high performance 8-bit microcontroller, offering excellent quality, fast response, anti-interference
ability and cost-effectiveness
This project is used to monitor weather conditions of a distant place through zigbee network. A point to point communication network is created using a Tarang F4 based zigbee module.
The temperature, light and Humidity are measured using a ATmega8 microcontroller. Here AVR microcontroller is used in the place of our normal 8051 microcontroller. Its because they have inbuilt ADC and they can operate at 3.3v, which a AT89S51/52 cant do it.
DS1820 is used to measure the temperature and its communicated through 1 wire. For light we are using a LDR and for Humidity we are using SY-HS-220, it provides analog dc output as per the humidity.
At receiver side we are using AT89C2051 microcontroller, which is used to display the data's over the LCD display. And if the data's goes abnormal then the alarm is switched ON.
INTRODUCTION
Sensing the winds and weather has been important to man over the centuries. Athenians built the eight
sided Tower of the Winds in the first century B.C. in honor of the eight gods of the winds. The Tower of the
Winds stands to this day in the ancient agora, or market, in Athens. Many significant weather events have
affected mankind over the years. Today, the winds and other weather variables are of equal concern and can
have an even greater impact on our modern, high-tech life style. Weather affects a wide range of man’s
activities, including agriculture, transportation and leisure time. Often the affects involve the movement of gases
and particulates through the atmosphere. Modern weather monitoring systems and networks are designed to
make the measurements necessary to track these movements in a cost effective manner. In weather monitoring
systems, different parameters like time and date, temperature, relative humidity, dew point, wind direction and
speed, rainfall amount, and weather forecast are all shown on the LCD display. Temperature and humidity are
indicated for both indoor and outdoor locations. Programmable alarms are also available in the monitoring
systems which indicate out-of-range conditions. Thermometer, barometer, and dew point functions have
min/max memories. Barometer also features sea level reference, pressure trend indicator and weather
forecasting symbols (sunny, cloudy, and rainy). Serial port permits linking to a PC or laptop for data transfer.
System is supplied with sensors, an AC adapter, and four AA backup batteries. The conventional weather
monitoring system consisted of individual sensors to measure one meteorological variable, each connected to a
data collection device or recorder. Modern technology has allowed the combination of several sensors into one
integrated weather station that can be permanently located at one site, or transported to a site where localized
weather is needed.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
After the research in the agriculture field researches found the yield of agriculture goes on decreasing
day by day. Use of technology in the field of agriculture plays important role in increasing the production as
well as in reducing the extra man power efforts, some of the researches tried for betterment of farmers and
provides the systems that use technologies which are helpful for increasing the agriculture yield. Some of such
researches carried out in field of agriculture are summarized
• The survey was made by visiting different sites and found some following point in the legacy systems.
• Have required a great effort to connect and distribute all the sensors and data acquisition systems.
• These installations need many data and power wires to be distributed along the larger area making the
system complex and expensive.
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM DESIGN
The Proposed System design consists of transmitter as well as receiver. The Proposed block diagram of
transmitter and receiver is shown in fig.1. Transmitter section consist of different type of sensing unit such as
temperature, humidity, rain quantity measurement, wind direction, wind flow as well as the sun intensiy.
Microcontroller for time domain multiplexing i.e. multiplexing the data obtained from different type of sensor as
well as for converting the analog data into digital one
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The proposed hardware of this system includes LPC2148, Temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind
flow, rain drop and Sun intensity measurement sensors, LCD. The system is low cost &low power consuming so
that anybody can afford it. The data monitored is collected at the server. It can be used in precision farming. The
system should be designed in such a way that even illiterate villagers can operate it. During irrigation period
they have to monitor their distant pump house throughout the night as the electricity supply is not consistent.
The system can be installed at the pump house located remotely from the village, it is interfaced with
the pump starter & sensors are plugged at different location in the field for data acquisition. Using this system
they can switch on their pump from their home whenever they want.
ARM7-LPC2148
LPC2148 microcontrollers are based on a 16-bit/32-bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation
and embedded trace support, that combine microcontroller with embedded high speed flash memory ranging
from 32kB to 512kB. A 128-bit wide memory interface and a unique accelerator architecture enable 32-bit code
execution at the maximum clock rate. For critical code size applications, the alternative 16-bit Thumb mode
reduces code by more than 30% with minimal performance penalty. Due to their tiny size and low power
consumption, LPC2141/42/44/46/48 are ideal for applications where miniaturization is a key requirement, such
as access control and point-of-sale. Serial communications interfaces ranging from a USB 2.0 Full-speed device,
multiple UARTs, SPI, SSP to I2C-bus and on-chip SRAM of 8kB up to 40kB, make these devices very well
suited for communication gateways and protocol converters, soft modems, voice recognition and low end
imaging, providing both large buffer size and high processing power. Various 32-bit timers, single or dual 10-bit
ADC(s), 10-bit DAC, PWM channels and 45 fast GPIO lines with up to nine edge or level sensitive external
interrupt pins make these microcontrollers suitable for industrial control and medical systems.
ZIGBEE MODULE
The XBee RF Modules are designed to operate within the ZigBee protocol and support the unique
needs of low-cost, low-power wireless sensor networks. The modules require minimal power and provide
reliable delivery of data between remote devices. The modules operate within the ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band.
It operates over a range of 100-200 meters [7]. Fig.2 shows the zigbee module. Figure 2 Zigbee series 2 module
The receiver block diagram is shown in Fig.5. The receiver module consists of an Xbee RF module which is
connected to computer system through MAX232.Thus the monitoring data received by Zigbee module is
directly transferred to computer system
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The LM35 is an integrated circuit sensor that can be used to measure temperature with an electrical
output proportional to the temperature (in oC). It is used to measure temperature more accurately than a using a
thermistor. The sensor circuitry is sealed and not subject to oxidation. The LM35 generates a higher output
voltage than thermocouples and may not require that the output voltage be amplified. This sensor is used to
monitor surrounding temperature. It gives the idea about the increase or decrease in the temperature of
surrounding. If the temperature changes it is observed on LCD.
LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR
Materials used as the semiconductor substrate include, lead Sulphide (PbS), Lead Selenide (PbSe),
indium antimony(InSb) which detect light in the infra-red range with the most commonly used of all
photoresistive light sensors being Cadmium Sulphide (Cds). Cadmium sulphide is used in the manufacture of
photoconductive cells because its spectral response curve closely matches that of the human eye and can even be
controlled using a simple torch as a light source. Typically then, it has a peak sensitivity wavelength (λp) of
about 560nm to 600nm in the visible spectral range. The net effect is an improvement in its conductivity with a
decrease in resistance for an increase in illumination. Also, photoresistive cells have a long response time
requiring many seconds to respond to a change in the light intensity.
HUMIDITY SENSOR- DHT11
The DHT11Temperature & Humidity Sensor features a temperature & humidity sensor complex with a
calibrated digital signal output. By using the exclusive digital-signal-acquisition technique and temperature &
humidity sensing technology, it ensures high reliability and excellent long-term stability. This sensor includes a
resistive-type humidity measurement component and an NTC temperature measurement component, and
connects to a high performance 8-bit microcontroller, offering excellent quality, fast response, anti-interference
ability and cost-effectiveness
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