07-01-2015, 03:17 AM
can i have a detailed information about solid waste management in marathi for a project please. aniket.kale86[at]yahoo.com
thank you
|
solid waste management pdf in marathi
|
can i have a detailed information about solid waste management in marathi for a project please. aniket.kale86[at]yahoo.com
thank you
15-03-2017, 12:26 PM
Solid waste management is a term used to refer solid waste collection and treatment process. It also offers solutions for recycling items that do not belong to garbage or garbage. While people have been living in settlements and residential areas, garbage or solid waste has been a problem. Waste management is about how solid waste can be changed and used as a valuable resource. Solid waste management must be adopted by each and every household including business owners around the world. Industrialization has brought many good things and bad things as well. One of the negative effects of industrialization is the creation of solid waste.
Several sources of solid waste
Every day, tons of solid waste are discharged into several landfills. These residues come from households, offices, industries and other activities related to agriculture. These landfills produce bad odors if the waste is not stored and not treated properly. It can contaminate the surrounding air and can seriously affect the health of humans, wildlife and our environment. The following are the main sources of solid waste:
Residential
Residences and homes where people live are some of the main sources of solid waste. Garbage from these places includes food waste, plastics, paper, glass, leather, cardboard, metals, garden waste, ashes and special waste such as bulky items such as electronics, tires, batteries, old mattresses and used oil. Most households have garbage bins where they can dispose of their solid waste and later the bin is emptied by a garbage collector or a person for treatment.
Industrial
It is known that industries are one of the biggest contributors to solid waste. They include the light and heavy industries of manufacturing, construction sites, manufacturing plants, canning plants, power plants and chemicals. These industries produce solid waste in the form of household waste, food waste, packaging waste, ash, construction and demolition materials, specialty wastes, medical waste and other hazardous wastes.
Commercial
Commercial facilities and buildings are another source of solid waste today. Commercial buildings and facilities in this case refer to hotels, markets, restaurants, downpits, shops and office buildings. Some of the solid wastes generated at these locations include plastics, food waste, metals, paper, glass, wood, carton materials, specialty wastes, and other hazardous wastes.
Institutional
Institutional centers such as schools, colleges, prisons, military barracks and other government centers also produce solid waste. Some of the common solid waste obtained from these sites include glass, rubber waste, plastics, food waste, wood, paper, metals, cardboard materials, electronics, as well as various hazardous wastes.
Construction and demolition areas
Construction sites and demolition sites also contribute to the problem of solid waste. Construction sites include new construction sites for buildings and roads, road repair sites, building renovation sites, and building demolition sites. Some of the solid waste produced at these sites includes steel, concrete, wood, plastics, rubber, copper wires, dirt and glass.
City services
Urban centers also contribute enormously to the solid waste crisis in most countries today. Some of the solid waste produced by municipal services includes, street cleaning, park and beach waste, sewage treatment plants, yard waste, and recreational waste including sludge.
Plants and treatment sites
Heavy and light manufacturing plants also produce solid waste. They include refineries, power plants, processing plants, mineral extraction plants and chemical plants. Waste produced by these plants includes industrial process residues, unwanted specification products, plastics, metal parts, just to name a few.
farming
Cultivation farms, orchards, dairies, vineyards and farms are also sources of solid waste. Among the wastes they produce are agricultural waste, spoiled food, pesticide containers, and other hazardous materials.
Biomedical
This refers to hospitals and biomedical equipment and chemical manufacturing companies. Different types of solid waste are produced in hospitals. Some of these solid wastes include syringes, bandages, used gloves, drugs, paper, plastics, food waste and chemicals. All of these require proper disposal or otherwise will cause a big problem for the environment and people in these facilities.
Effects of poor management of solid waste
Due to inadequate waste disposal systems particularly by municipal waste management teams, waste accumulates and becomes a problem. People clean their homes and workplaces and trash their environment that affects the environment and the community. This type of dumping of waste materials forces biodegradable materials to rot and decompose under inadequate, unhygienic and uncontrolled conditions. After a few days of decomposition, it produces an unpleasant odor and becomes a breeding ground for different types of diseases that cause insects as well as infectious organisms. Besides that, it also spoils the aesthetic value of the area. Solid waste from industries is a source of toxic metals, hazardous wastes and chemicals. When released into the environment, solid waste can cause biological and physicochemical problems to the environment and can affect or alter soil productivity in that particular area.
Toxic materials and chemicals can seep into the soil and contaminate groundwater. During the solid waste collection process, hazardous waste is usually mixed with ordinary waste and other flammable waste, making the disposal process even more difficult and risky. When hazardous waste as pesticides, batteries containing lead, mercury or zinc, cleaning solvents, radioactive materials, electronic waste and plastics are mixed with paper and other wastes that produce dioxins and gases are burned. These toxic gases have the potential to cause various diseases including cancer.
|
« Next Oldest | Next Newest »
|
