05-03-2012, 01:22 PM
SMART SENSOR
INDEX
Brief History Of Smart Sensors
Why Smart Sensors ?
Smart Sensors Definition
Types Of Smart Sensors
World Sensor Market
Advantages of Smart Sensors
Disadvantages of Smart Sensors
Smart Sensor Examples
Acknowledgements
References
Questions
WHAT IS SMART SENSOR?
A smart sensor is simply one that acquires physical, biological or chemical input, converts the measured value into a digital format in the units of the measured attribute and transmits that measured information via the Ethernet to a computer monitoring point.
Smart sensors are sensors with integrated electronics that can perform one or more of the following function
two-way communication,
logic functions,
make decisions.
Usefulness of Silicon Technology in Smart Sensor
There are very convincing advantages of using silicon technology in the construction of smart sensor.
All integrated circuits employ silicon technology. A smart sensor is made with the same technology asVintegrated circuits.
A smart sensor utilizes the transduction properties of one class of materials and electronic properties of silicon (GaAs).
A transduction element either includes thin metal films, zinc oxide
and polymeric films. Integrating electronics circuits on the sensor chip makes it possible to have single chip solution.
Integrated sensors provide significant advantages in terms of overall size and the ability to use small signals from the transduction element .
Main components of a functional smart sensors
There are two main components of a functional smart sensor
(1) Transducer Interface Module (TIM)
(2) Network Capable Application Processor (NCAP)
COMPONENTS of smart sensors
It consists of following components:-
Sensing element/transduction element,
Amplifier,
Sample and hold,
Analog multiplexer,
Analog to digital converter (ADC),
Offset and temperature compensation,
Digital to analog converter (DAC),
Memory,
Serial communication and
Processor
Different types of smart sensors….
Ping Sensor
Temperature sensor
Electrical conductivity sensor
Bluetooth
Ping Sensor
What is ping sensor?
The Ping sensor is a device you can use with the BASIC Stamp to measure how far away an object is.
It's measurement range is from 3 cm to 3.3 m, and it's remarkably accurate, easily detecting an object's distance down to the half centimeter.
Electrical Conductivity Sensor
Conductivity is the measurement of the ability of a solution to carry an electric current. It is defined as the inverse of resistance (Ohms) per unit square and is measured in units of Siemens/metre or micro-Siemens/centimetre.
The measurement of conductivity is used to determine the salt content (the salinity) of a solution. Salinity is proportional to conductivity and expressed in terms of the concentration of salt per unit volume (mg/l or ppt).
Temperature Sensor
The Smart Sensor utilises an internal temperature sensitive device to independently monitor the temperature of the sensor and the sample solution.
The sensor provides a temperature output over the range 0-50°C on a separate channel. The signal is also used internally to normalise the EC output to 25°C and temperature compensate other channels such as EC and Pressure over the range 0-50°C.
The temperature calibration is factory set, we strongly recommend this channel is not re-calibrated by the customer due to difficulties involved in setting up accurate, stable temperature standards.
BlueTooth
Blue tooth operates in the unlicensed ISM band at 2.4 GHZ frequency band and use frequency hopping spread spectrum technique.
A typical Blue tooth device has a range of about 10 meters and can be extended to 100meters.
Communication channels supports total bandwidth of 1 Mb / sec.
A single connection supports a maximum asymmetric data transfer rate of 721 KBPS maximum of three channels.
SMART SENSOR IN I-PHONE
Smart Sensors:
Built into iPhone are two small but intelligent sensors that pick up cues from the environment and adjust the screen accordingly. These sensors both work to maximize the battery life and improve your iPhone experience.
Ambient light sensor:The ambient light sensor in iPhone automatically brightens the display when you’re in sunlight or a bright room and dims it in darker places.
Proximity sensor:When you lift iPhone to your ear, the proximity sensor immediately turns off the display to save power and prevent inadvertent touches.
Soil moisture smart sensor
Sensors might never cost-efficiently replace the keen eye of a farmer for spotting fungus, signs of vermin or bird attack, growth rate, weed levels and a host of other almost intuitive inspections, but they are already offering a viable method of ensuring that precious crops are perfectly watered. Data Logging specialist onset has just added two new plug-and-play Soil Moisture Smart Sensors to its wares, with the new sensors promising precise, long-term soil moisture monitoring.
Limitations
Skilled & Trained Operator is required
Distances over 3 meters
Objects that are too small.
