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INTRODUCTION

India is a developing country. In its path of development it has been overcoming many hurdles. One of the major sectors is the medical field. There is lack of basic medical facilities, even in cities and in our survey we analyzed that the case is worst in smaller towns and villages. Patients not only face the problem of good facilities but also the treatment under good and skilled doctors and surgeons.
Incorporation of robotic arm in medical field tackles both of these problems. The plus point is that the robotic arm is controlled by LAN. So doctors sitting in any place of the world can perform surgery on patients and also can know recovery status.

Hard automation systems have led to a broad-based interest in the use of robots capable of performing variety of manufacturing functions in the more flexible working environment and at lower production costs.
The word ‘robot’ originated from the Czech word ‘ROBOTA’ meaning, “work”.
A robot is a re-programmable multi-functional manipulator designed to move materials.

1.1 Literature Survey

In our survey when we visited many hospitals we found a problem of the surgeon not to be in-time for the operation, so we thought of developing a ‘robotic mechanism’ which could operate on the patient. Now a day’s surgery is a common thing. Even for a small tumor surgery is necessary. Assume that a specialist is in a foreign country, to call and ask the specialist to come here is much expensive and also time consuming. This is not preferable in case of emergency. These kinds of problems can be tackled by our project “the robotic arm” which is fully automated, and is used in hospitals for surgery purpose. Microcontroller provides a helping hand in making a system automatic. But the question that arrived was which microcontroller to use? The answer to this was the microcontroller AT89s52 and the simple reason to choose this microcontroller was that AT89s52 is advanced and more flexible version of microcontroller 8051.



1.2 Statement of the Problem

Over the last decade, new equipments and techniques have been designed to replace humans, in the field of surgery .However lack of


 Proper medical facilities in smaller cities and towns
 Unavailability of doctors in the time of emergencies
 Robotic arm control was centralized
 Well versed doctors in medical field in smaller cities and towns
 Sophisticated data acquisition and monitoring techniques.


1.3 Problem Formulation

Presently the problems faced by many hospitals are:

 There is search for good surgeons.
 There were also situations where the surgeons were unable to be on time for the operation, which could be fatal in many cases.
 In many cases where complex operations had to be performed, people used to shift the patients abroad hoping to get better facility and treatment. This was impractical in the case of emergencies. So, in order to overcome all these problems we decided to come up with “robot surgeon” which will be controlled by the surgeons through LAN where the patient and the surgeon are geographically separated.

In our project the robotic arm is controlled using the microcontroller AT89s52. The VB application running in PC is used to control the movement of the robotic arm. Movements supported are left, right, top, down, open and close. An RF camera connected to the robotic arm, captures the video and transmits it to the PC which facilitates the surgeon to view the patient status.

1.4 Goals of the Project


To control the robotic arm used for patient operation through LAN we can achieve:
 Accuracy.
 Time saving.
 Money saving.
 To strengthen the medical field.
 To eliminate the shortage of skilled surgeons.


1.5 Scope of the Project

This project, “robotic arm controlled through LAN for patient operation” is a complete automated system

 One of the major advantages of our project is that it counters the problem of unavailability of skilled doctors as the robotic arm is controlled through LAN but further enhancement can be controlled through internet.
 Our project is also economical to the patients, as they need not go abroad for surgeries to get better treatment and facilities.
 Our project, robotic arm is a boon to medical field as it is controlled through LAN.
 The accuracy and performance is very high.