SEMINAR REPORT ON IMPORTANT CONCEPTS OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS


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Abstract

This paper is submitted to show the importance of Wireless Sensor Networks. Nowadays, the Wireless Sensor Networks have been used by various environments because of their reliability and portability. Many Sectors like in Agriculture, Educational Institutions and most of the Information Technology companies use these types of networks in different ways based on their needs. In this paper, we are analyzing the important concept, applications, and platforms of Wireless Sensor Network. And also say about the protocols, techniques used in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Introduction
Generally all of us know Wireless Sensor Network have a collection of Sensor nodes for monitoring the condition of the environment. Nowadays WSN’s are mainly used in many industries and consumer applications like industrial process monitoring and control, machine health monitoring and so on.
This WSN have collection of Sensor Nodes which has several parts. They are, radio transceiver, micro controller and a battery. The internal structure of a sensor node is as shown in the following figure. The Sensor is a device which is also called as detector that measures the measurable attributes of the environment and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an instrument.

Security measures of WSN

The major current important issue in wireless sensor network design is key distribution scheme. In general networking we already know the concept of cryptography for ensuring the network security. In wireless sensor network, key distribution plays an important role for ensuring network security. We must understand what is mean by key distribution. Key distribution is nothing but a method of circulating the keys between the nodes before deployment.

Traffic control technique of WSN

The major issues in network are managing the traffic in the entire network. The traffic is busy when there is more information in the network. The Wireless Sensor Network uses the Topology control technique to manage its traffic to avoid collisions and save energy and also extend the lifetime of the network. The major idea is to reduce the no of active nodes and active links and preserving the saved resources for future maintenance. Generally we know network topology is the pattern of interconnections of the various nodes. Topology is the shape or structure of the network. There are a various topologies are used in networks. They are as shown in the following diagram.