PLZ TELL ME TECHNIQUES FOLLOWED BY PIZZA HUT
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scientific techniques of management applied in kfc
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PLZ TELL ME TECHNIQUES FOLLOWED BY PIZZA HUT
25-03-2017, 01:28 PM
Scientific Management Techniques
Some of the main scientific management techniques are as follows:
1. Work Study
2. Standardization of Tools and Equipment
3. Configuration of Scientific Tasks
4. Scientific Configuration of Wage Rates
5. Selection and Scientific Training
6. Functional Foremanies
7. Difference - Tariff plan.
1. Work study:
The study of work implies an organized, objective, systematic, analytical and critical evaluation of the efficiency of various operations in a company.
It is a generic term for those techniques that are used in the examination of human work in all its context and that systematically lead to the investigation of all the factors that affect the efficiency and economy of operations.
Work-Study includes the following techniques:
(A) Method Study:
This study is carried out to know the best method to perform a particular job. It helps reduce the distance traveled by materials and improves handling, transportation, inspection and storage of raw materials and goods.
(B) Study of Movement:
The study of movement is a technique that involves close observations of the movement of the body and limbs of an individual required to perform a job. It is the study of the movement of an operator or a machine to eliminate useless movements and discover the best method to do a particular job. When doing a study of movement, one tries to know if some elements of a work can be eliminated, combined or their sequence changed to achieve the necessary rhythm.
The purpose of the movement study is to (i) find and eliminate wasteful movements among workers, and (a) design the best methods for performing various operations. This leads to increased worker efficiency by reducing fatigue and manual labor. It translates into increased production and productivity.
© Study of time or work measurement:
Study time is the technique of observing and recording the time required by a worker with reasonable skills and the ability to perform each element of the tasks in a job. Through the study of time, the precise time required for each element of a man's work is determined. It helps in setting the standard time required to do a particular job.
The purpose of time study is to scientifically determine the standard time to do a job under given conditions. Helps measure worker efficiency. Create awareness of the time among workers. Saving over time leads to reduced costs and increased efficiency.
(D) Fatigue Study:
Fatigue, physical or mental, has an adverse effect on the health and efficiency of the worker. The study of fatigue helps reduce fatigue among workers. Fatigue is usually caused by long hours of work without rest breaks, repetitive operations, excessive specialization and poor working conditions. The objective of the study of fatigue is to maintain the operational efficiency of workers.
2. Standardization of Tools and Equipment:
Taylor advocated standardization of tools and couplings, cost system and various other items. Efforts should be made to provide a standardized work environment and production methods to workers. Standardization would help reduce deterioration and waste of materials, improve quality of work, reduce production costs, and reduce fatigue among workers.
3. Setting up scientific tasks:
Establishing a standard task that an average work source does during a work day is essential. Taylor called it a good day of work. He stressed the need to set a fair day's work because it would prevent workers from doing work well below their capacity. The standard task will act as a standard before the workers. If no standard is established, workers will work below capacity.
4. Scientific establishment of wage rates:
Salary rates should be set in such a way that the average worker is induced to achieve a standard output. Taylor suggested the differential piece wage system. Under this system, the highest rates are offered to workers who produce more than the standard amount. Taylor was of the opinion that efficient workers should be paid, from 30% to 100% more than the average worker.
5. Scientific selection and training:
Management should design a scientific selection procedure so that the right men are selected for the right jobs. The first step in scientific selection is to determine the jobs for which workers are required. Then the most appropriate qualification, training, experience and level of efficiency for the required position is determined. Employees are selected according to predetermined standards impartially.
6. Functional Foremantism:
Taylor argued that specialization must be introduced into a factory. He advocated a "functional foreman" for this purpose. The functional foreman is a form of organization that involves the supervision of a worker by several specialist foremen. For example, issues related to speed of work and repairs of machinery will be supervised by the head of speed and the head of repair, respectively.
The purpose of the functional foreman is to improve the quality of supervision of workers through the use of specialist foremen. Taylor believed that a single foreman is not competent to oversee all functional matters.
In Taylor's functional foreman, planning is separated from execution. He recommended eight foremen at all to control the various aspects of production. He suggested four foremen in the planning department, namely, the employee of the route, the employee's time of instruction card and the cost of darkness and discipline of the store. The four foremen recommended to get the workers' required performance include gang boss, speed boss, repair chief, and inspector.
7. Differential rate plan for parts:
This plan was suggested by Taylor to attract highly efficient workers. Under this plan, there are two types of work per piece, one is lower and one is higher. The efficiency standard is determined in terms of number of units during a day or standard itself. The worker who produces more than the standard output within the standard time.
You will be given higher part rate. On the other hand, if a worker is below the norm, he will be given a lower rate of wages. The slow worker is thus penalized as he earns wages at a lower piece rate. Thus, Taylor's paycheck scheme encourages workers to achieve a higher level of performance and to earn salaries at a higher rate.
For example, the standard output for a worker is 20 units per day and the normal part rate is Rs 10 per unit if the actual output is 20 units or more. But the different part rate is Rs. 3 per unit if actual production is less than 20 units. If a worker produces 20 units. He will receive Rs. 200 (ie, 20 x 10) and if it produces 19 units, it will throw Rs.171 (ie 19 x 9). Therefore, it is penalized by Rs. 29 if it produces a smaller unit than the standard output.
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