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jaseela123d · 01-05-2017, 12:18 PM

Round-robin (RR) is one of the algorithms used by process and network programmers in computing. As the term is generally used, the time segments (also known as quanta of time) are assigned to each process in equal parts and in circular order, the treatment of all processes without priority (also known as cyclical executive). Round-Robin programming is simple, easy to implement and free from hunger. Round-Robin programming can also be applied to other programming problems, such as programming data packets in computer networks. It is an operating system concept.

The name of the algorithm comes from the familiar round-robin principle of other fields, where each person takes an equal part of something in turn. To plan processes fairly, a round-robin scheduler generally uses time-sharing, giving each job a time slot or quantum (its CPU time allocation) and interrupting the work if it is not completed by then. The job will resume the next time you assign a time interval to that process. If the process terminates or changes its state to wait for the allotted time, the scheduler selects the first process in the queue ready to run. In the absence of time-sharing, or if quanta were large in relation to the size of jobs, a process that produced large jobs would be favored over other processes.

The round-robin algorithm is a preventive algorithm since the programmer forces the process out of the CPU once the time quota expires.

For example, if the time interval is 100 milliseconds and job 1 takes a total time of 250 ms to complete, the round-robin programmer will suspend the job after 100 ms and give other jobs its time on the CPU. Once the other jobs have had their equal share (100 ms each), job1 will get another CPU time assignment and the cycle will be repeated. This process continues until the job is finished and does not require more CPU time.

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