09-07-2011, 12:28 PM
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ABSTARCT:
This project deals with greenhouse agriculture system. We have noticed that production of every crop depends on certain basic atmospheric quotients like humidity, temperature, quality of soil and to some extent on pressure. As the temperature and humidity varies with season therefore normally a specific crop can only be cultivated at a specific season. Quality of soil and its moisture content can be controlled by watering and by spraying insecticides and pesticides in the field but the temperature and pressure can not be controlled. These processes that farmers follow are basically iterative, experience oriented and need a lot of labour.
Now at the age of technological advance we can cultivate an off-season crop in a greenhouse and control the temperature, humidity, moisture content of soil and pressure using sensors, motors and controlling devices. Also spraying of insecticides, pesticides can be controlled by motor. So the system is fully automatic. This system is not only automated but also enabled with remote sensing. So we can transmit data (temperature, humidity, moisture content of soil and pressure etc.) from transmitter to receiver wirelessly. Also the controlling action from control room to motor controlling device can be sent wirelessly. The advantages are:
i) It can reduce human labour.
ii) Controlling the use of insecticides, pesticides reduce the possibility of pollution (mainly water pollution).
iii) Water usage can be controlled reducing the use of excess water.
To make this real we have to use microcontroller, sensors, PCB designing software, Bluetooth receiver/transmitter, steeper motor controlling devices, Matlab and others equipments like voltage supply, transformer, op-amps etc. here PIC 18F 4550 as microcontroller, LM35DZ as temperature sensor, SPD100G as pressure sensor, CYBERSEN CHR101 as humidity sensor, KELHB2-000 as Soil pH and Moisture Meter, EAGLE as PCB designing software, NOKIA BH204 headset as Bluetooth receiver/transmitter and Matlab is used to process and send data to motor control section. This arrangement is not only useful for agricultural system but also useful in industrial sector with slight modification and can be a good controlling device.
INTRODUCTION:
Atmospheric quotients such as pressure, temperature, humidity etc can be easily measured by sensors. These sensors can easily be found or easily can be made. But soil sensor is not easily be made. So when we started the project our main objective is to make a device that would control motor depending on the atmospheric quotients.
In brief our overall objectives are:
1. It will detect atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity correctly.
2. Central microcontroller will process the data correctly.
3. Data can be sent correctly to the computer from the device that is in the field.
4. A Computer program should process the received documents to send it to the device to control the motors, installed in the motor control section of the micro controller.
WORKING PROCEDURE ARCHITECTURE:
The device has input part from nature. It takes input from nature in the form of pressure, humidity, temperature. The analog data then go to signal processing unit of each sensor. PIC18F 4550 microcontroller then convert those date into digital form. After that these data are sent to computer by Bluetooth transmitter. It is then received by USB DONGLE in the computer. Bluetooth RF media as a medium to data transfer. After the program reaches the computer a program written by MATLAB 7, this software record, analyze & make specific control signal that is to be sent to the motor control section of microcontroller. The USB DONGLE does the task of transmitting the signal to the microcontroller. Then the motor is connected to the microcontroller by an adapter. The program in this way controller controls the speed of motor which in turn can be used to control to irrigation.
