11-04-2017, 09:18 AM
In the railway car as well as in passenger cars, the braking system plays a very important role in stopping the train, to keep the train speed within a specific limit. The brakes are the devices of the trains that stop him. A moving train contains energy, known as kinetic energy, which needs to be removed from the train to make it stop. The easiest way to do this is to convert kinetic energy into heat energy. The conversion is usually performed by applying a contact material to the rotating wheels or the discs attached to the shafts. The material creates friction and converts kinetic energy into thermal energy. The wheels slow down and eventually the train stops. The material used for braking is normally in the form of a block or pad.
The vast majority of the world's trains are equipped with braking systems that use compressed air as a force to push the blocks on the wheels or pads on the discs. These systems are known as "air brakes" or "pneumatic brakes". The compressed air is transmitted along the train through a "brake tube". Changing the air pressure level in the tube causes a change in the brake status of each vehicle. The system is in widespread use throughout the world. An alternative to the air brake known as a vacuum brake is also used in railway wagons. Like the pneumatic brake, the vacuum brake system is controlled through a brake line connecting a brake valve in the driver's cab with braking equipment in each vehicle. The operation of the brake equipment in each vehicle depends on the vacuum condition created in the pipeline by an ejector or extractor.
Another braking system used by the electric train is the dynamic electric braking system. The basic principle of the operation is to convert the electric motor into a braking generator that dissipates kinetic energy as heat energy. Regenerative braking is similar to dynamic braking. The only difference is that it transmits the electricity generated to the aerial cables instead of dissipating it as heat, and it is becoming more common because of its ability to save energy. To overcome the problems associated with the air braking system, a new braking system called "electronically controlled pneumatic brakes" (E.C.P.) is generally used in railway wagons. Before E.C.P. Electro-pneumatic brakes are also in use. These are braking systems used in rail cars, as well as in passenger cars. To avoid accidents, some Automatic Systems are used as Automatic Alert Systems. They vary the speed or stop the train according to aspects of the signal.
The vast majority of the world's trains are equipped with braking systems that use compressed air as a force to push the blocks on the wheels or pads on the discs. These systems are known as "air brakes" or "pneumatic brakes". The compressed air is transmitted along the train through a "brake tube". Changing the air pressure level in the tube causes a change in the brake status of each vehicle. The system is in widespread use throughout the world. An alternative to the air brake known as a vacuum brake is also used in railway wagons. Like the pneumatic brake, the vacuum brake system is controlled through a brake line connecting a brake valve in the driver's cab with braking equipment in each vehicle. The operation of the brake equipment in each vehicle depends on the vacuum condition created in the pipeline by an ejector or extractor.
Another braking system used by the electric train is the dynamic electric braking system. The basic principle of the operation is to convert the electric motor into a braking generator that dissipates kinetic energy as heat energy. Regenerative braking is similar to dynamic braking. The only difference is that it transmits the electricity generated to the aerial cables instead of dissipating it as heat, and it is becoming more common because of its ability to save energy. To overcome the problems associated with the air braking system, a new braking system called "electronically controlled pneumatic brakes" (E.C.P.) is generally used in railway wagons. Before E.C.P. Electro-pneumatic brakes are also in use. These are braking systems used in rail cars, as well as in passenger cars. To avoid accidents, some Automatic Systems are used as Automatic Alert Systems. They vary the speed or stop the train according to aspects of the signal.