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14-04-2017, 07:45 PM

Please help to make project on brake lining

jaseela123d · 17-04-2017, 05:02 PM

Brake linings are consumable surfaces of brake systems, such as drum brakes and disc brakes used in transportation vehicles. Brake linings were invented by Bertha Benz (the wife of Karl Benz, who invented the first patented car) Travel in the world in August 1888. The first asbestos brake linings were developed in 1908 by Herbert Frood. Although Frood was the first to implement the use of asbestos brake linings, the heat dissipation properties of the fibers were tested by several scientists, including the well-known chemist Dr Gwilym Price, who did most of his research and testing on Cambridge, Cambridge-funded institutes.

The brake linings are composed of a relatively soft but resistant and heat resistant material with a high coefficient of dynamic friction (and ideally an identical coefficient of static friction) typically mounted on a solid metal support using high temperature adhesives or rivets. The complete assembly (including the liner and backrest) is often called a brake pad or brake shoe. The coefficient of dynamic friction "μ" for most standard brake pads is generally in the range of 0.35 to 0.42. This means that a force of 1000 Newtons in the pad will give a resultant braking force close to 400 Newtons. There are some racing pads that have a very high μ of 0.55 to 0.62 with excellent behavior at high temperatures. These pads are high in iron and usually outperform any other pad used with iron discs. Unfortunately nothing comes for free, and these high pads wear fast μ and also wear the discs at a fairly fast pace. However, they are a very cost effective alternative to the more exotic and expensive materials.

Using a typical bicycle brake as an example, the backrest would be the metal wrapping provided by the mechanical support, and the liner would be the elastic part that comes into contact with the tires when the brakes are applied. In most modern vehicular applications the system is conceptually identical, except that the wheels would be replaced with solid steel (or sometimes exotic metal) discs. In addition, a metal stud is normally incorporated into the pad assembly. The tang gets in contact with the rotors when the linings are worn, causing an annoying noise designed to alert the rider that the maintenance of the brakes is necessary.

Since the lining is the part of the braking system that converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into heat, the liner must be able to survive high temperatures without excessive wear (leading to frequent replacement) or degassing Brake, Brake power).

Due to its effectiveness, chrysotile asbestos was often a component in brake linings. However, studies such as the National Institutes of Health in 1989 showed an extraordinarily high proportion of brake mechanics with pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma, both related to exposure to chrysotile and asbestos. Public health authorities generally recommend against inhalation of brake dust, chrysotile has been banned in many developed countries, such as Australia in late 2003 , and chrysotile has been progressively replaced in the Most of the brake pads by other fibers such as synthetic Aramides.

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