The inductors do this by generating a self-induced emf within itself as a result of its changing magnetic field. In an electric circuit, when the emf is induced in the same circuit in which the current is changing, this effect is called Self-induction, (L) but is sometimes called counterforce, since its polarity is in the opposite direction to the voltage applied.
When the emf is induced in an adjacent component located within the same magnetic field, the emf is said to be induced by mutual induction, (M) and mutual induction is the basic operating principle of transformers, motors, relays, and so on. Auto inductance is a special case of mutual inductance, and as it occurs within a single isolated circuit, we usually call simply inductance, Inductance.
The auto inductance is the ratio between the Electro Motive Force (EMF) induced through a coil and the rate of current change through this coil. Self-inductance is a term related to the phenomenon of self-induction. Due to self induction self inductance generates. The autoinductance or coefficient of self-induction is denoted as L. Its unit is Henry (H). First, we must know what self-induction is. Auto induction is the phenomenon whereby in a coil a change in the electric current produces an Electro Motive Force induced through this same coil. This induced electrotechnical force (ε) through this coil is proportional to the current rate of change. The higher the rate of change in the current, the greater the value of the electromagnetic fields.