A mobile phone is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls through a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area. The radiofrequency link establishes a connection with the switching systems of a mobile telephone operator, which provides access to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). Modern mobile phone services use a cellular network architecture and, therefore, mobile phones are often also called cell phones or cell phones. In addition to telephony, mobile phones in the 2000s support a variety of other services such as text messaging, MMS, e-mail, Internet access, short-range wireless communications (infrared, Bluetooth), enterprise applications, video games and Digital photography. Mobile phones that offer only those capabilities are known as feature phones; mobile phones that offer these computing capabilities and more generally are known as smartphones.
The first handheld mobile phone was shown by John F. Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a headset weighing c. 2 kilograms (4.4 pounds). In 1983, the DynaTAC 8000x was the first commercially available handheld mobile phone. From 1983 to 2014, subscriptions to mobile phones worldwide grew to over seven billion, penetrating 100% of the world's population and even reaching the bottom of the economic pyramid. In the first quarter of 2016, the leading smartphone manufacturers were Samsung, Apple and Huawei (and "martphone sales accounted for 78 percent of total mobile phone sales").
