PROGRAMMING DIGITAL DELAY LINES FOR ELECTRICITY BOARD
#1

Presented by
SAIKRISHNA
PRAKASH
NARESH
BICHYA

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PROGRAMMING DIGITAL DELAY LINES FOR ELECTRICITY BOARD
AIM

 The main aim of this project is to develop a user friendly digital delay lines.
INTRODUCTION
 Now a day's every system is automated in order to face new challenges.
 In the present days Automated systems have less manual operations, flexibility, reliability and accurate.
 Due to this demand every field prefers automated control systems. Especially in the field of electronics automated systems are giving good performance.
METHODOLOGY
 The project itself indicates that a fixed time is set for the particular devices. That means at that particular time duration the operation will be in either ‘ON’ or ‘OFF’ condition.
 The ON/OFF condition will also be decided in the program. And also that delay will be setting through the program.
 In this project we are using Real time clock (RTC) for setting the time delay.
 The time and status of that particular device will be displayed on the LCD.
Hardware Components
Keil C Software

 In our project, Keil Software is used to develop the data logger circuit, which takes readings from the sensors at regular intervals.
 Keil Software provides the software development tools for the 89c52 microcontroller derivatives.
 Keil compiler is a cross compiler which is used to compile that code designed for different chips on host machine and to get the hex code.
POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT
Power Supply Unit
Description

 The transformer provides voltage transformation and produces AC voltage required for producing the desired DC voltages across its secondary windings.
 The rectifier circuit changes the AC voltages appearing at transformer secondary to DC.
 The filter circuit smoothens the ripple of the rectified voltage.
 The regulated circuit is a type of feedback circuit that ensures the output DC voltage does not change from its normal value.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
 Microcontroller Unit
 The AT89C52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 8K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM).
 This digital data of ADC is transmitting to microcontroller unit through ADC data lines.
 In our project the 8 data lines of ADC are connected to Port 0 of microcontroller. Port 0 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port.
 For serial communication we are using port 3.0 and port 3.1 pins. Port 3.0 i.e. serial input port (RXD) & serial out port (TXD) are connected
 LCD Interfacing With Microcontrollers
 A microcontroller program must interact with the outside world which is performed using most common devices like an LCD display.
 Display data RAM (DDRAM) stores display data represented in 8-bit character codes. So whatever you send on the DDRAM is actually displayed on the LCD.
 The character generator ROM(CGROM) generates 5 x 8 dot or 5 x 10 dot character patterns from 8-bit character code.
Real-time clock (RTC)
 A real-time clock (RTC) is a computer clock (most often in the form of an integrated circuit) that keeps track of the current time.
 RTCs often have an alternate source of power, so they can continue to keep time while the primary source of power is off or unavailable. This alternate source of power is normally a lithium battery or super capacitor in newer systems.
 Address and data are transferred serially via a 2-wire, bi-directional bus.
 Automatic power-fail detect and switch circuitry & consumes less than 500nA in battery backup mode with oscillator running.
RELAY
 A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically.
 Relays are like remote control switches and are used in many applications because of their relative simplicity, long life, and proven high reliability.
 In relay input may be electrical and output directly mechanical, or vice versa.
 The first circuit here is called the control circuit & the second is called the load circuit.
CASE STUDY
 Because of conventional system in VADODARA
 There used to be delay in releasing connections, attending no power complaints, difficulty in identification of high loss area and low voltage pockets, lack of precise measurement of transformer wise technical and commercial losses.
 The pilot project covered 15 of 66 kV substations and downstream 11 kV, LT poles and distribution transformers. The T&D losses at present are 15.05%.
 BENEFITS After Implementing
APPLICATIONS
 Digital delay lines are widely used building blocks in methods to simulate, musical instruments and digital audio effects and room acoustics.
 Digital wave synthesis guide shows how digital delay lines can be used as sound synthesis methods for various musical instruments such as string and wind instruments.
CONCLUSION
 By using this project we can implement a user friendly digital delay line for electricity board.
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