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Abstract—
Vehicle access control system is an important
sub-system of the intelligentized residence section. Today, in a
growing emphasis on personal and property safety, the control
of vehicles’ access authorization and the management of the
vehicles’ access authority, access time and access method via
computer, is safe and convenient.
This paper describes a set of vehicle access control system
based on ZigBee wireless technology. In this system, ZigBee
coordinator and its terminal nodes installed respectively in the
entrance of the district and the vehicles, together form a
ZigBee wireless sensor network. This paper mainly introduces
the overall structure, hardware platform and software design
of this system. The implementation and performance tests of
this system are fairly good.
Keywords—ZigBee; WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks);
CC2430; Vehicle Management
I. INTRODUCTION
With the increasing raise of people's living standards, the
vehicle theft in community, as well as the total amount of
car, has a rapid growth. How to conduct an intelligent
management to the access of internal vehicles efficiently
and effectively suffers more and more attention from
various circles. At present, the most widely approaches used
in vehicle management are:
1) Artificial inquiry identification method: This is the
most simple and convenient way. Its advantage lies in its
flexibility, which simultaneously shows its hidden crises:
Dominated by personal factors; waste of labor and difficulty
of information communication.
2) Image recognition method: It is not new to all of us.
Though it has reduced the labor force, it also has many
disadvantages, such as large investment, low recognition
rate and susceptibility to weather.
3) Contact IC Card Management: The contact IC
(Integrated Circuit) card, packaging a IC chip in a standard
PVC (polyvinyl chloride) card, reads and writes data relying
on direct contact between the bare chip and reader card
connector. It inherits the advantages of image recognition
method, and its recognition rate is much higher. However,
its own shortcomings become insurmountable obstacles to
its further development, such as contact wear, difficult to
maintain, large investments in infrastructure facilities.
In allusion to the shortcomings of these current vehicle
management systems, this issue puts forward that the
vehicle access control should be achieved with the usage of
ZigBee wireless sensor networks. ZigBee based on IEEE
802.15.4, is an emerging short-range, low-speed, low-power
wireless networking technology. ZigBee wireless
networking technology is mainly used for short-range
wireless connectivity. Features of it include the following
sections:
1) Low data transmission rate: Only 10kb/s~250kb/s,
focusing on low-transmission applications.
2) Low power consumption: In the low-power standby
mode, two ordinary 5 batteries can be used more than 6
months. This is also the unique advantage which ZigBee’s
proponents have been proud of.
3) Low cost: The cost is greatly reduced because of its
low data transmission rate and simple protocol.
4) Large capacity of the network: Each ZigBee network
can at most support 255 devices, which means each ZigBee
device can connect with another 254 devices.
Therefore, it is possible to apply ZigBee technology to
vehicle access control system, so that the whole
management system is composed to be a ZigBee wireless
sensor network, which can achieve wireless transmission
and management of vehicle information. It is of great
practical significance to the intelligent management of
vehicles.
II. SYSTEM BUILDING OVERVIEW
The implementation of this Vehicle Access Control
Wireless System is based on ZigBee technology. According
to its applications, its network topology uses the star-shaped
wireless network, which consists of one monitoring center
and a number of terminal equipments. Fig. 1 shows the
network structure of the system.