Gold as Medicine
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Gold as Medicine



INTRODUCTION
In medieval times gold was often seen as beneficial for health, in the belief that something that rare and beautiful could not be anything but healthy. Even some modern esotericisms and forms of alternative medicine assign metallic gold a healing power. Some gold salts do have anti-inflammatory properties and are used as pharmaceuticals in the treatment of arthritis and other similar conditions. However, only salts and radioisotopes of gold are of pharmacological value, as elemental gold is inert to all chemicals it encounters inside the body.
In modern times injectable gold has been proven to help reduce the pain and swelling of rheumatoid arthritis . Gold alloys are used in restorative dentistry, especially in tooth restorations The gold alloys’ slight malleability facilitates the creation of a superior molar mating surface with other teeth and produces results that are generally more satisfactory than those produced by the creation of porcelain crowns[1].
Colloidal sols of gold nano particles in water are intensely red-colored, and can be made with tightly controlled particle sizes up to a few tens of nanometer across by reduction of gold chloride with citrate or ascorbate ions. Colloidal gold is used in research applications in medicine, biology and materials science. Gold , or alloys of gold and palladium, are applied as conductive coating to biological specimens and other non-conducting materials such as plastic and glass to be viewed in a scanning electron microscope. The isotope gold-198, ( half life: 2.7 days) is used in some cancer treatments.
Importance of gold ash in ayurveda:
It is needless to say the importance of gold in the world of ornaments. Besides the imperial value, it has a great medicinal value in ayurvedic treatment.
Swarna Bhasma or Gold ash is antidepressant in nature. Apart from the anti depressant and anti-anxiety properties , it can be used for treating rheumatoid arthritis.
Gold ash is also useful for the people suffering with disorders of the nervous system. In Ayurveda gold ash is often used for reducing body weakness and preventing early ageing in different medicated forms.[1]Significant restoration of altered values to near normal levels by ayurvedic swarna bhasma and Unani Kushta Tila Kalan, suggest potentials for gold in cerebrovascular diseases. Gold water can be used for healing heart. It is good for coronary artery and and useful for reducing cholesterol level.

Gold is highly helpful as medicine to treat loss of memory , defective eyesight, diabetes bronchial asthma, infertility, nervous disorder and sudden occurrence of early ageing.[2]
Gold in surgical procedures:
Gold is used in a number of surgical applications including a new treatment for prostate cancer that uses grains of gold, approximately the size of a grain of rice. The surgical procedure involves inserting three gold grains into the prostate using ultrasound. The position of the gold grains can be detected using x-rays (gold is opaque to x-rays) allowing the doctors to accurately target the prostate position within one or two millimetres. Gold-plating has a history of use in the coating of coronary stents. Inserted inside large arteries and veins, these implants act like scaffolding, propping up the blood vessels and keeping them open to allow adequate blood flow. Boston Scientific produced the NiroyalTM stent as one of the first gold-plated stents in 2001, largely in response to the need for stents that could be more accurately placed. The radio-opacity of gold means that gold-plated stents offer the best visibility under an x-ray enabling them to be positioned where the surgeon wants them. The biological inertness of gold is important in this application and gold-plated stents were found to produce the fewest macroscopic changes in surrounding intravascular tissue. Gold-plated stents are used to help support weak blood vessels. Many surgeons prefer gold-plated stents because these have the best visibility under an X-ray.[1]

GOLD
Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from Latin: aurum, "shining dawn", hence adjective, aureate) and an atomic number of 79. It has been a highly sought-after precious metal for coinage, jewelry, and other arts since the beginning of recorded history. The metal occurs as nuggets or grains in rocks, in veins and in alluvial deposits. Gold is dense, soft, shiny and the most malleable and ductile pure metal known. Pure gold has a bright yellow color and luster traditionally considered attractive, which it maintains without oxidizing in air or water.Gold is one of the coinage metals and has served as a symbol of wealth and a store of value throughout history. Gold standards have provided a basis for monetary policies. It also has been linked to a variety of symbolisms and ideologies.[1]
A total of 165,000 tonnes of gold have been mined in human history, as of 2009. This is roughly equivalent to 5.3 billion troy ounces or, in terms of volume, about 8,500 cubic meters, or a 20.4m cube.
Although primarily used as a store of value, gold has many modern industrial uses including dentistry and electronics. Gold has traditionally found use because of its good resistance to oxidative corrosion and excellent quality as a conductor of electricity.
Chemically, gold is a transition metal and can form trivalent and univalent cations in solutions. Compared with other metals, pure gold is chemically least reactive, but it is attacked by aqua regia (a mixture of acids), forming chloroauric acid, but not by the individual acids, and by alkaline solutions of cyanide. Gold dissolves in mercury, forming amalgam alloys, but does not react with it. Gold is insoluble in nitric acid, which dissolves silver and base metals. This property is exploited in the gold refining technique known as "inquartation and parting". Nitric acid has long been used to confirm the presence of gold in items, and this is the origin of the colloquial term "acid test", referring to a gold standard test for genuine value.

Characteristics:-

• Gold is the most malleable and ductile of all metals; a single gram can be beaten into a sheet of 1 square meter, or an ounce into 300 square feet. Gold leaf can be beaten thin enough to become translucent. The transmitted light appears greenish blue, because gold strongly reflects yellow and red. Such semi-transparent sheets also strongly reflect infrared light, making them useful as infrared (radiant heat) shields in visors of heat-resistant suits, and in sun-visors for spacesuits.
• Gold readily creates alloys with many other metals. These alloys can be produced to modify the hardness and other metallurgical properties, to control melting point or to create exotic colors (see below). Gold is a good conductor of heat and electricity and reflects infrared radiation strongly. Chemically, it is unaffected by air, moisture and most corrosive reagents, and is therefore well suited for use in coins and jewelry and as a protective coating on other, more reactive, metals. However, it is not chemically inert.[1]
• Common oxidation states of gold include +1 (gold(I) or aurous compounds) and +3 (gold(III) or auric compounds). Gold ions in solution are readily reduced and precipitated out as gold metal by adding any other metal as the reducing agent. The added metal is oxidized and dissolves allowing the gold to be displaced from solution and be recovered as a solid precipitate.
• High quality pure metallic gold is tasteless and scentless; in keeping with its resistance to corrosion (it is metal ions which confer taste to metals).
• In addition, gold is very dense, a cubic meter weighing 19,300 kg. By comparison, the density of lead is 11,340 kg/m3, and that of the densest element, osmium, is 22,610 kg/m3.
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