PRESENTED BY
SHANKAR.C
SIVAKUMAR.S

---

[attachment=11042]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a system architecture that allows users to interact with embedded systems acted in their proximity using Smart Phones. We have identified four models of interaction between a Smart Phone and the surrounding environment: universal remote control, dual connectivity, gateway connectivity, and peer-to-peer. Although each of these models has different characteristics, our architecture provides a unique framework for all of the models. Central to our architecture are the hybrid communication capabilities incorporated in the Smart Phones. These phones have the unique feature of incorporating short-range wireless connectivity (e.g., Bluetooth) and Internet connectivity (e.g., GPRS) in the same personal mobile device. This feature together with significant processing power and memory can turn a Smart Phone into the only mobile device that people will carry wherever they go.
Introduction:
Recent advances in technology make it feasible to incorporate significant processing power in almost every device that we encounter in our daily life. These embedded systems are heterogeneous, distributed everywhere in the surrounding environment, and capable of communicating through wired or wireless interfaces. Most of our daily interactions with the surrounding environment are still primitive and far from the ubiquitous computing vision. Our pockets and bags are still jammed with a bunch of keys for the doors we have to open/close daily (they did not change much since the Middle Ages), the car key or remote, access cards, credit cards, and money to pay for goods. Any of these forgotten at home can turn the day into a nightmare. If we travel, we also need maps and travel guides, coins to pay the parking in the city, and tickets to take the train or subway. In addition, we are always carrying our mobile phone, which for some mysterious reason is the least likely to be left at home. When we finally arrive home or at the hotel, we are “greeted” by several remote controls eager to test our intelligence. All these items are absolutely necessary for us to properly interact with our environment. The problem is that there are too many of them, they are sometimes heavy, and we will likely accumulate more and more of them as our life go on, requiring much larger pockets.
For this problem, the community does not lack innovative solutions that address some of its aspects (e.g., wireless micro servers, electronic payment methods and digitaldoor keys). What is missing is a simple, universal solution, which end-users are likely to accept easily. Ideally, we would like to have a single device that acts as both personal server and personal assistant for remote interaction with embedded systems located in proximity of the user. This device should be programmable and support dynamic software extensions for interaction with newly encountered embedded systems (i.e., dynamically loading new interfaces.
We believe that Smart Phones are the devices that have the greatest chance of successfully becoming universal remote controls for people to interact with various devices from their surrounding environment; they will also replace all the different items we currently carry in our pockets. Smart Phone is an emerging mobile phone technology that supports Java program execution and provides both short range wireless connectivity (Bluetooth) and cellular network connectivity through which the Internet can be accessed.
In this paper, we present a system architecture that allows users to interact with embedded systems located in their proximity using a Smart Phone. We have identified four models of interaction between a Smart Phone and the surrounding environment: universal remote control, dual connectivity, gateway connectivity, and peer-to-peer. Central to our architecture are the hybrid communication capabilities incorporated in the Smart Phones which allow them to interact with the close-by environment through short-range wireless networking and with the rest of the world through the Internet over cellular links. This feature together with significant processing power and memory can turn a Smart Phone into the long awaited universal personal assistant that can make our daily life much simpler
An Embedded System:
The embedded system is a combination of computer hardware, software and, perhaps, additional mechanical parts design to perform a specific function. A good example is an automatic washing machine or microwave oven .Such a system is in direct contrast to a personal computer, which not designed to do only a specific task. The PC aids you in drafting a letter, in computing at a faster rate in chatting with friends, and so on, but an embedded system is designed to do a specific task with in a given time frame, repeatedly, endlessly, with or without human interaction. A PC is made up of numerous embedded systems, such as a keyboard, hard drive etc. The function of a simple modem is to convert analogue signals to digital signals, and vice versa. This means it must have a certain amount of logic to perform that process in time and again endlessly.
It is important to note that all embedded systems do not have same hardware and software, which is why these systems perform varied tasks. It’s even possible to have an embedded system that does not contain any processor and corresponding software to run through it. In such system, called hardwired systems, the hardware and software is replaced with integrated circuitry that performs a same function .However, a lot of flexibility is lost when applications are implemented this way. It is much easier to change the software code than to redevelop the hardware, for bringing about the small changes in application for which the system has been designed.