12-03-2015, 05:09 PM
Respected sir,
As I got seminar topic on solar water purification using thermal method. I need ppt on this. Please help me sir
My mail id :- aliyan.hq786[at]gmail.com
Plz provide me as soon as possible
Thank you sir...
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ppt of solar water purification by using thermal method
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Respected sir,
As I got seminar topic on solar water purification using thermal method. I need ppt on this. Please help me sir
My mail id :- aliyan.hq786[at]gmail.com
Plz provide me as soon as possible
Thank you sir...
20-03-2017, 09:21 AM
Solar water purification system is a water purification system at the household level based on the treatment of solar radiation and the distillation of water with the additional use of solar heating. It is a combination of two processes of purification of water, the Solar System of Disinfection of Water (SODIS) and the process of solar distillation. Since SODIS, initiated by Professor Aftim Accra, is only ideal for disinfecting small amounts of microbiologically contaminated water, a solar heating system is added to address the issue of contaminated water (sea water, water with high turbidity and contaminated water By heavy metals or pathogenic microorganisms).
For cases where low turbidity water is not available, the contaminated water will be distilled in potable water using the solar heater to remove solid non-volatile impurities such as salts, sediments, heavy metals and microorganisms. Water from some wells or streams may be visibly clear (turbidity of less than 30 nephelometric turbidity units), but may not be potable as water may still contain pathogenic microorganisms. To address this problem, contaminated water would be contained in transparent and transparent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and exposed to sunlight for a given time (depending on the intensity of sunlight) allowing solar radiation to deactivate any transmitted pathogens By water in contaminated water. Solar water disinfection is an effective way to disinfect drinking water, as recommended by the World Health Organization. The solar water purification system uses only solar energy and can be built using recycle materials, therefore the system is environmentally sustainable.
Principle :
Water distillation is a physical process that filters solid impurities out of the liquid based on the difference in volatility. At a given temperature and pressure, substances with higher volatility (water in this case) vaporize more easily than substances (solid impurities) with less volatility. The water vapor is then directed to a cold region which condenses the water vapor back to the liquid state, leaving behind all non-volatile solid impurities such as salts, sediments, pathogenic microorganisms and heavy metals. However, distilled water may not be suitable for drinking, as it may still contain some volatile organic compounds. The rate of vaporization is proportional to the vapor pressure, fluid surface and fluid temperature.
The principle of SODIS is based on the treatment of ultraviolet water. It uses two components of sunlight for the process of disinfection of water: ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation. UV-A radiation (wavelength 320-400 nm) interacts with DNA, nucleic acids, and organic cell enzymes, destroying the molecular structures of cells that lead to cell death. UV-A also reacts with oxygen dissolved in water producing highly reactive forms of oxygen (oxygen-free radicals and hydrogen peroxide), which can help the germicidal process. Infrared radiation is a long wave form of solar radiation , It can feel like heat as it is responsible for raising the temperature of the fluid. Studies have shown that 99.9% of the microorganisms in the water are removed if the water is heated to 50-60 ° C for one hour . In order to disinfect contaminated drinking water effectively, it is recommended to expose the contaminated water to full sun using clear PET bottles for 6 hours. If the water temperature exceeds 50 ° C, an hour of exposure is sufficient to obtain potable water. When the weather is cloudy by more than 50%, contaminated water must be exposed for 2 consecutive days. Treatment efficiency can be improved by raising fluid temperature and exposing contaminated water to additional reflective surfaces such as aluminum or iron sheets corrugated.
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