i am srikanthvihari.i am doing m.tech structural engineering(civil engineering).
i want to know how to use hypo sludge material (a waste comes from paper industry) in mix design. And how to they get strength by using hypo sludge material.please reply me its urgent.
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INTRODUCTION?
Promotion of the enviornmental management and mission of sustainable development

pressured to adopt appropriate methods of protection of

enviornment in all sectors, including construction.
Construction by nature is not an environmentally friendly activity.
Construction, renovation and demolition activities leads to waste.

The need for proper methods of disposal
This reduces the demand up to new resources.
Reduces the cost and effort of transport and production.
Use the waste that would otherwise be lost to landfills.

Construction waste PROBLEM
Waste material is a byproduct of human and industrial activity that has no residual

Value.
The need for integrated management of construction waste management in each place.
Every staff from management to operational levels should work to

construction waste management.


Unit of construction and demolition waste
Processed elements prefabricated and Cuba after testing (total may be relatively

clean only with a cement test adhering to it).
Demolished concrete building (total could be contaminated with bricks and tiles

sand and dust, wood, plastic, cardboard and paper and metals.)
Is used as the subtitle for the natural coarse aggregate in concrete


FACTORS, to evaluate the quality of the recycled AGGREGATE
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It was accepted that again either fine or coarse aggregates

can be obtained by the primary and secondary crushing and subsequent removal

impurities.
The best distribution of particles can be reached by primary crushing, and then

secondary crusher, but crusher is a single process more effective from an economic

point of view.

absorption
Water absorption of the recycled aggregates from (3-12%), this value

significantly higher than that of natural aggregates, whose absorption is about 0.5-1% (

).

abrasion resistance
The use of such units as the South base in flexible coatings show promising

The Results. These recycled aggregates were also used in the production of concrete, which

be used in rigid pavement.

PROPERTIES of FRESH concrete with RECYCLED
Air content of recycled concrete is slightly higher (4-5%) than

concrete with natural aggregates. This high content of air in recycled concrete

leads to a decrease in the density of the fresh concrete.

Density of fresh concrete made with natural aggregates range

2400 kg/m3, in which, as concrete made with recycled aggregates is significantly

lighters, 2150 kg/m3.


Viable technology for waste treatment
In considering the materials that allow repeated, three main areas need to be taken to

account are:
economy
Compatibility with other materials
material properties


DIFFERENT waste in construction site
brick
Bricks, arising from the demolition may be contaminated with a mortar, plaster

and is often mixed with other materials such as wood and concrete.In recent years,

brick typically chopping before the filling material.
concrete
The most common way to recycle concrete rubble is classified as:
a) Associated (natural stone replacement in new concrete)
b) Un tied (road base, ditches, etc.)


non-ferrous metals
This is by far the most profitable and recycled material.
In India, more than 80% of scrap generated recycle. Scrap steel is almost entirely

recycled and repeated recycling. 100% steel can be redesigned to avoid losses

at the construction site.


brickwork
Brick typically crushed as recycled masonry unit.
Special use recycled masonry unit is its use as a thermal

insulating concrete.
Another potential use for recycled masonry unit is to use it as a

Aggregate in traditional clay bricks.


Non-ferrous metals
The main non-ferrous collected from construction and demolition sites, metal

are aluminum, copper, lead and zinc.
In India the use of aluminium to 95000 tons from 70% recycled in 2004 year.

Copper is recycled to the 119 thousand tons of the national market 262000 tons.


Paper and cardboard
Paper and paperboard make up approximately 37% of construction and demolition

waste by volume.It usually attracts recyclers to recycle them into new paper products

cleaning.