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Presented BY:-
NAme:jilu kumar samal
REGD. NO:0821801006
BRANCH: ELECTRICAL $ electronics ENGG.

POWERFUL SYSTEM FOR FLEXIBLE POWER TRANSFORMISSION

Introduction
Demand of electrical energy continues to grow steadily and particularly strong in those countries on threshold of industrialization . So in this situation operators have to add new transmission line and/or generation capacity .But power line construction needs a capital investment so operators are looking f or ways to utilize existing power line more efficiently.

POWER FLOW IN A TRANSMISSON LINE
POWER TRANSFER IN TRANSMISSION LINE
Power transfer limits
Dynamic over voltages and under voltage
Power swing
Stability limits
Thermal limits
Voltage limits

FACTS

Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) is a new integrated concept based on power electronic switching converters and dynamic controllers to enhance the system utilization and power transfer capacity as well as the stability, security, reliability and power quality of AC system interconnections.
OPPORTUNITIES
Control power so that it flows on the desired routes
Increase loading capacity of transmission lines.
Improve generation productivity.


FACTS KEY DEVICES
STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR
SVC Controls active and reactive power flow.
It either absorbs or delivers reactive power.
Basic element of SVC :
Thyristor swithed reactor(TSR)
Thyristor controlled reactor(TCR)
Thyristor switched capacitor(TSC)
Mecanically switched capacitor(MSC)

UNIFIED POWER FLOW CONTROLLER

SERIES COMPENSATION
A series capacitor has self regulating as reactive power generated proportional to square of line current.


SERIES COMPENSATION SYSTEM
THYRISTOR CONTROLLED SERIES CAPACITOR
Blocking mode
Bypass mode
Capacitive boost mode
PHASE SHIFTING TRANSFORMER
It controls both magnitude and direction of power flow.
It consist of three element such as magnetizing transformer , switching n/w and series transformer.
STATIC SYNCHRONOUS COMPENSATOR
A static compensator consists of a voltage source converter a coupling transformer and controls.



STATIC SYNCHRONOUS SERIES COMPENSATOR
Here voltage source converter used in series with power transmission system.
In this case the series injected voltage can either lead or lag the line current by 90 degrees.
Main advantage here voltage injected by an SSSC is not related to the line current and can be independently controlled.

CONCLUSION
FACTS devices very useful for modern power transmission as compared existing static compensator.
So all static compensator should be replaced by FACTS devices.