From a terminological point of view, geopolymer cement is a bonding system that hardens at room temperature, such as regular Portland cement. If a geopolymer compound requires thermal adjustment, it may not be called geopolymer cement, but rather geopolymer binder. Geopolymer cement is being developed and used as an alternative to conventional Portland cement for use in transportation, infrastructure, construction and offshore applications. It is based on minimally processed natural materials or industrial byproducts to significantly reduce your carbon footprint, while being very resistant to many common problems of concrete durability.
The production of geopolymer cement requires an aluminosilicate precursor material such as metacaolin or fly ash, an easy to use alkaline reagent (eg soluble sodium or potassium silicates with a molar ratio MR SiO2: M2O ≥ 1.65, M is Na or K) and water. Hardening at room temperature is most easily achieved by the addition of a source of calcium cations, often blast furnace slag.
Geopolymer cements can be formulated to cure faster than Portland based cements; some blends gain most of their maximum strength in 24 hours. However, they should also be set up slowly enough so that they can be mixed in a batch plant, either for prefabrication or delivery in a concrete mixer. Geopolymer cement also has the ability to form a strong chemical bond with aggregates based on silicate rock. In March 2010, the US Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration issued a TechBrief titled Geopolymer Concrete which states: The production of versatile and cost-effective geopolymer cements that can be blended and essentially cured as Portland cement represents a change in the game that revolutionises the construction of transport infrastructure and the construction industry.