PHYSICS 21
#1

*The various temperature.scales commonly used are Celsius (C ), Kelvin (K), Fahrenheit (F) and
Rankine (Ra).
*In Centigrade Scale, the intervals between ice point and steam point is divided into 100 equal parts.
*Absolute Scale or Kelvin Scale: The pressure of a gas is reduced to zero at -273.15°C when keeping the volume constant and vice versa.
*In Fahrenheit Scale, the intervals between ice point and steam point is divided into 180 equal parts.

Info Plus
*To convert celsius into Fahrenheit Scale,
F = (C*9/5)+32
*To convert Fahrenheit into Celsius Scale
C=(F-32)*5/9
*To convert Celcius into Kelvin Scale,
K=C+273.15
*To convert Kelvin into Celsius Scale
C = K - 273.15

Thermometers
*Thermometer was invented by
Ans : Galelio
*Mercury thermometer was invented by 
Ans : Fahrenheit
*Clinical Thermometer was invented by 
Ans : Thomas Albutt
*The clinical thermometer (Medical Thermometer) is a special liquid glass thermometer used to measure human body temperature and is measured on Celsius scale in degree centigrade or degree Fahrenheit.
*Range of clinical thermometer is - 35°C to 42^0C.
*Normal body temperature is 36.9°C (98.4°F or 310K)
*Magnetic thermometer is used to measure temperature very near to absolute zero.
*Magnetic thermometer works on the basis of Curies law.
*Resistance thermometer is a thermometer in which temperature is calculated from the resistance of a coil.
eg: Platinum resistance thermometer
*Pyrometer or Radiation thermometer is an instrument used for measuring high temperatures.
*Cryometer is used to measure very low temperature.

Heat Transmission
*There are three ways of heat transmission.
*Heat can be transmitted in 3 ways  
(i) Conduction   (ii) Convection  (iii) Radiation
*Process of exchange of hotter particles to the neighbouring colder particles is known as
Ans : Conduction
*Transfer of heat in a fluid with the help of heated particles from a hotter region to a colder region is called
Ans : Convection
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