08-12-2017, 09:18 AM
Management means many things to many people. For a layman, it means an impressive person who occupies an air conditioning chamber with an overflow table and a padded chair. Some people suggest that management commands others. For many others, management is nothing more than office work and putting up luxury signatures. But the real management is the process of planning, organization, staffing, direction, coordination and control of the activities of commercial companies. It is also described as the technique of leadership, decision making and a means of coordination.
But a simple traditional definition defines it as the "art of doing things for others". This definition brings two elements: the achievement of objectives and the direction of group activities towards the goal. The weakness of this definition is that it first uses the word "art", while management is not simply an art, but rather it is both art and science. Second, the definition does not clearly establish the various functions of a manager.
A more elaborate definition given by George R. Terry, defines management as a process "consisting of planning, organizing, acting and controlling, carried out to determine and achieve the objectives through the use of people and resources." In the first place, it considers management as a "process", that is, a systematic way of doing things. Second, it establishes four management activities: planning, organization, action and control. Planning is thinking about actions in advance. organizing is the coordination of the human and material resources of an organization. Acting is the motivation and direction of subordinates. Controlling means trying not to deviate from the norm or the plan. Third, it states that the administrator uses people and other resources. For example, a manager who wants to increase sales can try not only to increase the sales force, but also to increase the advertising budget. And, fourthly, it establishes that management implies the act of achieving the objectives of the organization.