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OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION
What is Communication ??
What is Optical Fiber ?
Optical fibers are thin, transparent strands almost the size of a human hair made from a dielectric cylinder surrounded by another transparent dielectric cylinder
Optic fiber is made up of 3 parts :
Core, Cladding and jacket
The inner most part is the core which contains one or more thin fibers that are made up of plastic or glass
Each of the fiber in the core is covered by a cladding which has different optical properties from the core
The outer most part of the optical fiber is made up of plastic or other materials ,which is called the jacket
How does it work ?
You hear about fiber-optic cables whenever people talk about the telephone system, the cable TV system or the Internet. Fiber-optic lines are strands of optically pure glass as thin as a human hair that carry digital information over long distances.
The light in a fiber-optic cable travels through the core by constantly bouncing from the mirror-lined walls, ……………total internal reflection.
The reflections inside the walls are possible because of high refractive index material of the inner cylinder.
OPTICAL FIBER
Optical communication system
Transmitter.Converts electrical signal into light signal.
Optical fiber.Conducts the light signal over the distance.
Optical regenerator. May be required to boost the light signal for longer distances.
Optical receiver.Converts light signals back to electrical signal.
Typical Optical communication system.
Electric signal In
Transmitter
Optical Regenerator
Optical Receiver
How Are Optical Fibers Made?
How Does an Optical Fiber Transmit Light?
Advantages of using optical fiber
Less expensive.
Less volume (thinner than copper wires).
Higher capacity.
Less signal degradation.
No interference between two signals.
Low power.
Lightweight.
Flexible.
Applications
Some applications use fiber optics for the communication
Communication
Medical
Industry
Sensors
Military Application